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Recent work shows promising results in expanding the capabilities of large language models (LLM) to directly understand and synthesize speech. However, an LLM-based strategy for modeling spoken dialogs remains elusive, calling for further…

In this paper, we propose an improved LPCNet vocoder using a linear prediction (LP)-structured mixture density network (MDN). The recently proposed LPCNet vocoder has successfully achieved high-quality and lightweight speech synthesis…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-02-03 Min-Jae Hwang , Eunwoo Song , Ryuichi Yamamoto , Frank Soong , Hong-Goo Kang

The prosodic aspects of speech signals produced by current text-to-speech systems are typically averaged over training material, and as such lack the variety and liveliness found in natural speech. To avoid monotony and averaged prosody…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-05 Vincent Wan , Chun-an Chan , Tom Kenter , Jakub Vit , Rob Clark

We propose prosody embeddings for emotional and expressive speech synthesis networks. The proposed methods introduce temporal structures in the embedding networks, thus enabling fine-grained control of the speaking style of the synthesized…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-02-19 Younggun Lee , Taesu Kim

Recent advances in generative language modeling applied to discrete speech tokens presented a new avenue for text-to-speech (TTS) synthesis. These speech language models (SLMs), similarly to their textual counterparts, are scalable,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-17 Siyang Wang , Éva Székely

The quest for comprehensive generative models of intonation that link linguistic and paralinguistic functions to prosodic forms has been a longstanding challenge of speech communication research. Traditional intonation models have given way…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-03-19 Branislav Gerazov , Gérard Bailly , Omar Mohammed , Yi Xu , Philip N. Garner

With the rapid advancement in deep generative models, recent neural Text-To-Speech(TTS) models have succeeded in synthesizing human-like speech. There have been some efforts to generate speech with various prosody beyond monotonous prosody…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-24 Seongho Joo , Hyukhun Koh , Kyomin Jung

This research is an effort to present an effective approach to enhance text-independent speaker identification performance in emotional talking environments based on novel classifier called cascaded Gaussian Mixture Model-Deep Neural…

Sound · Computer Science 2018-10-12 Ismail Shahin , Ali Bou Nassif , Shibani Hamsa

The class of recurrent mixture density networks is an important class of probabilistic models used extensively in sequence modeling and sequence-to-sequence mapping applications. In this class of models, the density of a target sequence in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-21 Seyedeh Fatemeh Razavi , Reshad Hosseini , Tina Behzad

Expressive human speech generally abounds with rich and flexible speech prosody variations. The speech prosody predictors in existing expressive speech synthesis methods mostly produce deterministic predictions, which are learned by…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Xiang Li , Songxiang Liu , Max W. Y. Lam , Zhiyong Wu , Chao Weng , Helen Meng

In multi-speaker speech synthesis, data from a number of speakers usually tend to have great diversity due to the fact that the speakers may differ largely in ages, speaking styles, emotions, and so on. It is important but challenging to…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-02-14 Qinghua Wu , Quanbo Shen , Jian Luan , YuJun Wang

In NLP, text language models based on words or subwords are known to outperform their character-based counterparts. Yet, in the speech community, the standard input of spoken LMs are 20ms or 40ms-long discrete units (shorter than a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Robin Algayres , Yossi Adi , Tu Anh Nguyen , Jade Copet , Gabriel Synnaeve , Benoit Sagot , Emmanuel Dupoux

While generative methods have progressed rapidly in recent years, generating expressive prosody for an utterance remains a challenging task in text-to-speech synthesis. This is particularly true for systems that model prosody explicitly…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-02 Paul Mayer , Florian Lux , Alejandro Pérez-González-de-Martos , Angelina Elizarova , Lindsey Vanderlyn , Dirk Väth , Ngoc Thang Vu

The style of the speech varies from person to person and every person exhibits his or her own style of speaking that is determined by the language, geography, culture and other factors. Style is best captured by prosody of a signal. High…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-12-15 Neeraj Kumar , Srishti Goel , Ankur Narang , Brejesh Lall

Expressive text-to-speech (TTS) has become a hot research topic recently, mainly focusing on modeling prosody in speech. Prosody modeling has several challenges: 1) the extracted pitch used in previous prosody modeling works have inevitable…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-17 Yi Ren , Ming Lei , Zhiying Huang , Shiliang Zhang , Qian Chen , Zhijie Yan , Zhou Zhao

Text-to-Speech (TTS) has recently seen great progress in synthesizing high-quality speech owing to the rapid development of parallel TTS systems, but producing speech with naturalistic prosodic variations, speaking styles and emotional…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-21 Yinghao Aaron Li , Cong Han , Nima Mesgarani

In recent years, Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable proficiency in comprehending and generating natural language, with a growing prevalence in the domain of recommendation systems. However, LLMs still face a…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Xinyu Li , Chuang Zhao , Hongke Zhao , Likang Wu , Ming HE

This letter proposes a graph neural network (GNN)-based framework for statistical precoder design that leverages model-based insights to compactly represent statistical knowledge, resulting in efficient, lightweight architectures. The…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Nurettin Turan , Srikar Allaparapu , Donia Ben Amor , Benedikt Böck , Michael Joham , Wolfgang Utschick

Acoustic models based on long short-term memory recurrent neural networks (LSTM-RNNs) were applied to statistical parametric speech synthesis (SPSS) and showed significant improvements in naturalness and latency over those based on hidden…

Despite recent advances, synthetic voices often lack expressiveness due to limited prosody control in commercial text-to-speech (TTS) systems. We introduce the first end-to-end pipeline that inserts Speech Synthesis Markup Language (SSML)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Nassima Ould Ouali , Awais Hussain Sani , Ruben Bueno , Jonah Dauvet , Tim Luka Horstmann , Eric Moulines