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Algorithmic decision-making in high-stakes settings can have profound impacts on individuals and populations. While much prior work studies fairness in static settings, recent results show that enforcing static fairness constraints may…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Shahin Jabbari , Chen Wang

As they have a vital effect on social decision-making, AI algorithms not only should be accurate and but also should not pose unfairness against certain sensitive groups (e.g., non-white, women). Various specially designed AI algorithms to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-01-23 Sara Kim , Kyusang Yu , Yongdai Kim

Personalized pricing assigns different prices to customers for the same product based on customer-specific features to improve retailer revenue. However, this practice often raises concerns about fairness at both the individual and group…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Zeyu Chen , Bintong Chen , Wei Qian , Jing Huang

Motivated by settings in which predictive models may be required to be non-discriminatory with respect to certain attributes (such as race), but even collecting the sensitive attribute may be forbidden or restricted, we initiate the study…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-04 Matthew Jagielski , Michael Kearns , Jieming Mao , Alina Oprea , Aaron Roth , Saeed Sharifi-Malvajerdi , Jonathan Ullman

There has been a prevalence of applying AI software in both high-stakes public-sector and industrial contexts. However, the lack of transparency has raised concerns about whether these data-informed AI software decisions secure fairness…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Xiaoyin Xi , Zhe Yu

Fairness holds a pivotal role in the realm of machine learning, particularly when it comes to addressing groups categorised by protected attributes, e.g., gender, race. Prevailing algorithms in fair learning predominantly hinge on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Quan Zhou , Jakub Marecek

Classification with abstention has gained a lot of attention in recent years as it allows to incorporate human decision-makers in the process. Yet, abstention can potentially amplify disparities and lead to discriminatory predictions. The…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-02-25 Nicolas Schreuder , Evgenii Chzhen

Fair ranking problems arise in many decision-making processes that often necessitate a trade-off between accuracy and fairness. Many existing studies have proposed correction methods such as adding fairness constraints to a ranking model's…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Ryosuke Sonoda

In many real life situations, including job and loan applications, gatekeepers must make justified and fair real-time decisions about a person's fitness for a particular opportunity. In this paper, we aim to accomplish approximate group…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-26 Yi Sun , Ivan Ramirez , Alfredo Cuesta-Infante , Kalyan Veeramachaneni

Current approaches to group fairness in federated learning assume the existence of predefined and labeled sensitive groups during training. However, due to factors ranging from emerging regulations to dynamics and location-dependency of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Afroditi Papadaki , Natalia Martinez , Martin Bertran , Guillermo Sapiro , Miguel Rodrigues

To mitigate the effects of undesired biases in models, several approaches propose to pre-process the input dataset to reduce the risks of discrimination by preventing the inference of sensitive attributes. Unfortunately, most of these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Sébastien Gambs , Rosin Claude Ngueveu

Machine learning algorithms may have disparate impacts on protected groups. To address this, we develop methods for Bayes-optimal fair classification, aiming to minimize classification error subject to given group fairness constraints. We…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-08-28 Xianli Zeng , Kevin Jiang , Guang Cheng , Edgar Dobriban

Fair machine learning is receiving an increasing attention in machine learning fields. Researchers in fair learning have developed correlation or association-based measures such as demographic disparity, mistreatment disparity, calibration,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2019-11-20 Wen Huang , Yongkai Wu , Lu Zhang , Xintao Wu

Machine learning-driven rankings, where individuals (or items) are ranked in response to a query, mediate search exposure or attention in a variety of safety-critical settings. Thus, it is important to ensure that such rankings are fair.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Aparna Balagopalan , Kai Wang , Olawale Salaudeen , Asia Biega , Marzyeh Ghassemi

Machine Learning (ML) algorithms shape our lives. Banks use them to determine if we are good borrowers; IT companies delegate them recruitment decisions; police apply ML for crime-prediction, and judges base their verdicts on ML. However,…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-01-05 Omer Ben-Porat , Fedor Sandomirskiy , Moshe Tennenholtz

Numerous algorithms have been produced for the fundamental problem of clustering under many different notions of fairness. Perhaps the most common family of notions currently studied is group fairness, in which proportional group…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Seyed A. Esmaeili , Sharmila Duppala , John P. Dickerson , Brian Brubach

In today's society, AI systems are increasingly used to make critical decisions such as credit scoring and patient triage. However, great convenience brought by AI systems comes with troubling prevalence of bias against underrepresented…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-11 Yan Zhou , Murat Kantarcioglu , Chris Clifton

In recent years, automated data-driven decision-making systems have enjoyed a tremendous success in a variety of fields (e.g., to make product recommendations, or to guide the production of entertainment). More recently, these algorithms…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-27 Sina Aghaei , Mohammad Javad Azizi , Phebe Vayanos

The issue of fairness in machine learning stems from the fact that historical data often displays biases against specific groups of people which have been underprivileged in the recent past, or still are. In this context, one of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Mattia Cerrato , Marius Köppel , Alexander Segner , Stefan Kramer

The post-processing approaches are becoming prominent techniques to enhance machine learning models' fairness because of their intuitiveness, low computational cost, and excellent scalability. However, most existing post-processing methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Gang Li , Qihang Lin , Ayush Ghosh , Tianbao Yang