Related papers: The 3x+1 Periodicity Conjeture in $\mathbb{R}$

We present an elementary derivation of the period-three cycles for the real quadratic map $x\mapsto x^2+c$, a fundamental model in one-dimensional discrete dynamics. Using symmetric polynomials, we obtain a complete algebraic…

Let k be an algebraically closed field of characteristic 0, let X=P^1\times A^N and let f be a rational endomorphism of X given by (x,y)--->(g(x), A(x)y), where g is a rational function, while A is an N-by-N matrix with entries in k(x). We…

We investigate the additive theory of the set $S = \{1^c, 2^c, \dots, N^c\}$ when $c$ is a real number. In the language of additive combinatorics, we determine the asymptotic behaviour of the additive energy of $S$. When $c$ is rational,…

We study the dynamics of the positive solutions of a second-order, Ricker-type exponential difference equation with periodic parameters. We find that qualitatively different dynamics occur depending on whether the period p of the main…

We obtain a recursive formula for the number of rational degree $d$ curves in $\mathbb{P}^3$, whose image lies in a $\mathbb{P}^2$, passing through $r$ lines and $s$ points, where $r + 2s = 3d+2$. This can be viewed as a family version of…

We say that the order of an algebraic number $A$ is the minimum of positive integers $k$ such that $A^k$ is rational. In this paper, we show that the number of algebraic numbers $A$ with order $k$ such that \[ A,\ A^A,\ A^{A^A},\ \ldots \]…

When $A$ and $B$ are subsets of the integers in $[1,X]$ and $[1,Y]$ respectively, with $|A| \geq \alpha X$ and $|B| \geq \beta X$, we show that the number of rational numbers expressible as $a/b$ with $(a,b)$ in $A \times B$ is $\gg (\alpha…

Quantum and tensor network simulations have emerged as prominent sign-problem free approaches to lattice gauge theories. Unlike conventional Markov chain Monte Carlo methods, they are based on the Hamiltonian formulation. In this talk, we…

For each $n\in\mathbb{N}$, let $[n]\phi$ mean "the sentence $\phi$ is true in all $\Sigma_{n+1}$-correct transitive sets." Assuming G\"odel's axiom $V = L$, we prove the following graded variant of Solovay's completeness theorem: the set of…

We study variants of the well-known Collatz graph, by considering the action of the 3n+1 function on congruence classes. For moduli equal to powers of 2, these graphs are shown to be isomorphic to binary De Bruijn graphs. Unlike the Collatz…

For rational numbers $c$, we present a trichotomy of the set of totally real (totally $p$-adic, respectively) preperiodic points for maps in the quadratic unicritical family $f_c(x)=x^2+c$. As a consequence, we classify quadratic…

We prove a dynamical Shafarevich theorem on the finiteness of the set of isomorphism classes of rational maps with fixed degeneracies. More precisely, fix an integer d at least 2 and let K be either a number field or the function field of a…

A $P_\ell$-decomposition of a graph $G$ is a set of paths with $\ell$ edges in $G$ that cover the edge set of $G$. Favaron, Genest, and Kouider (2010) conjectured that every $(2k+1)$-regular graph that contains a perfect matching admits a…

We introduce a new ``Winding Number Conjecture'' about maps from the $(d-1)$-skeleton of the $((d+1)(q-1))$-simplex into $\real^d$. This conjecture is equivalent to the Topological Tverberg Theorem. Furthermore, many statements about the…

Let $L$ be a field of characteristic zero, let $h:\mathbb{P}^1\to \mathbb{P}^1$ be a rational map defined over $L$, and let $c\in \mathbb{P}^1(L)$. We show that there exists a finitely generated subfield $K$ of $L$ over which both $c$ and…

Let $S$ be a rational fraction and let $f$ be a polynomial over a finite field. Consider the transform $T(f)=\operatorname{numerator}(f(S))$. In certain cases, the polynomials $f$, $T(f)$, $T(T(f))\dots$ are all irreducible. For instance,…

Let $\mathcal{A}$ and $\mathcal{B}$ be two $C^{*}$-algebras such that $\mathcal{B}$ is prime. In this paper, we investigate the additivity of map $\Phi$ from $\mathcal{A}$ onto $\mathcal{B}$ that are bijective unital and satisfies…

In this paper, we show that a map $\delta$ over a triangular ring $\mathcal{T}$ satisfying $\delta(ab+ba)=\delta(a)b+a \tau(b)+\delta(b)a+b\tau(a)$, for all $a,b\in \mathcal{T}$ and for some maps $\tau$ over $\mathcal{T}$ satisfying…

Let $K$ be a finitely generated field of characteristic zero. We study, for fixed $m \geq 2$, the rational functions $\phi$ defined over $K$ that have a $K$-orbit containing infinitely many distinct $m$th powers. For $m \geq 5$ we show the…

We prove the existence of a ternary sequence of factor complexity $2n+1$ for any given vector of rationally independent letter frequencies. Such sequences are constructed from an infinite product of two substitutions according to a…