Related papers: Improved GRAVITY astrometric accuracy from modelin…

Polarization analysis of the VLTI and GRAVITY

The goal of this work is to characterize the polarization effects of the VLTI and GRAVITY. This is needed to calibrate polarimetric observations with GRAVITY for instrumental effects and to understand the systematic error introduced to the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-11-08 GRAVITY Collaboration , F. Widmann , X. Haubois N. Schuhler , O. Pfuhl , F. Eisenhauer , S. Gillessen , N. Aimar , A. Amorim , M. Bauböck , J. B. Berger , H. Bonnet , G. Bourdarot , W. Brandner , Y. Clénet , R. Davies , P. T. de Zeeuw , J. Dexter , A. Drescher , A. Eckart , H. Feuchtgruber , N. M. Förster Schreiber , P. Garcia , E. Gendron , R. Genzel , M. Hartl , F. Haußmann , G. Heißel , T. Henning , S. Hippler , M. Horrobin , A. Jiménez-Rosales , L. Jocou , A. Kaufer , P. Kervella , S. Lacour , V. Lapeyrère , J. -B. Le Bouquin , P. Léna , D. Lutz , F. Mang , N. More , M. Nowak , T. Ott , T. Paumard , K. Perraut , G. Perrin , S. Rabien , D. Ribeiro , M. Sadun Bordoni , S. Scheithauer , J. Shangguan , T. Shimizu , J. Stadler , O. Straub , C. Straubmeier , E. Sturm , L. J. Tacconi , F. Vincent , S. D. von Fellenberg , E. Wieprecht , E. Wiezorrek , J. Woillez

First Light for GRAVITY Wide: Large Separation Fringe Tracking for the Very Large Telescope Interferometer

GRAVITY+ is the upgrade of GRAVITY and the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI) with wide-separation fringe tracking, new adaptive optics, and laser guide stars on all four 8~m Unit Telescopes (UTs), for ever fainter, all-sky, high…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-09-14 GRAVITY+ Collaboration , : , R. Abuter , F. Allouche , A. Amorim , C. Bailet , M. Bauböck , J. -P. Berger , P. Berio , A. Bigioli , O. Boebion , M. L. Bolzer , H. Bonnet , G. Bourdarot , P. Bourget , W. Brandner , Y. Clénet , B. Courtney-Barrer , Y. Dallilar , R. Davies , D. Defrère , A. Delboulbé , F. Delplancke , R. Dembet , P. T. de Zeeuw , A. Drescher , A. Eckart , C. Édouard , F. Eisenhauer , M. Fabricius , H. Feuchtgruber , G. Finger , N. M. Förster Schreiber , E. Garcia , P. Garcia , F. Gao , E. Gendron , R. Genzel , J. P. Gil , S. Gillessen , T. Gomes , F. Gonté , C. Gouvret , P. Guajardo , S. Guieu , M. Hartl , X. Haubois , F. Haußmann , G. Heißel , Th. Henning , S. Hippler , S. Hönig , M. Horrobin , N. Hubin , E. Jacqmart , L. Jochum , L. Jocou , A. Kaufer , P. Kervella , H. Korhonen , L. Kreidberg , S. Lacour , S. Lagarde , O. Lai , V. Lapeyrère , R. Laugier , J. -B. Le Bouquin , J. Leftley , P. Léna , D. Lutz , F. Mang , A. Marcotto , D. Maurel , A. Mérand , F. Millour , N. More , H. Nowacki , M. Nowak , S. Oberti , T. Ott , L. Pallanca , T. Paumard , K. Perraut , G. Perrin , R. Petrov , O. Pfuhl , N. Pourré , S. Rabien , C. Rau , S. Robbe-Dubois , S. Rochat , M. Salman , M. Schöller , J. Schubert , N. Schuhler , J. Shangguan , T. Shimizu , S. Scheithauer , A. Sevin , F. Soulez , A. Spang , E. Stadler , J. Stadler , C. Straubmeier , E. Sturm , L. J. Tacconi , K. R. W. Tristram , F. Vincent , S. von Fellenberg , S. Uysal , F. Widmann , E. Wieprecht , E. Wiezorrek , J. Woillez , S. Yazici , A. Young , G. Zins

GRAVITY: beam stabilization and light injection subsystems

We present design results of the 2nd generation VLTI instrument GRAVITY beam stabilization and light injection subsystems. Designed to deliver micro-arcsecond astrometry, GRAVITY requires an unprecedented stability of the VLTI optical…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2012-12-21 O. Pfuhl , M. Haug , F. Eisenhauer , D. Penka , A. Amorim , S. Kellner , S. Gillessen , T. Ott , E. Wieprecht , E. Sturm , F. Haussmann , M. Lippa

Improving Galactic Center Astrometry by Reducing the Effects of Geometric Distortion

We present significantly improved proper motion measurements of the Milky Way's central stellar cluster. These improvements are made possible by refining our astrometric reference frame with a new geometric optical distortion model for the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-20 Sylvana Yelda , Jessica R. Lu , Andrea M. Ghez , Will Clarkson , Jay Anderson , Tuan Do , Keith Matthews

Deep Images of the Galactic Center with GRAVITY

Stellar orbits at the Galactic Center provide a very clean probe of the gravitational potential of the supermassive black hole. They can be studied with unique precision, beyond the confusion limit of a single telescope, with the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-01-19 GRAVITY Collaboration , R. Abuter , N. Aimar , A. Amorim , P. Arras , M. Bauböck , J. P. Berger , H. Bonnet , W. Brandner , G. Bourdarot , V. Cardoso , Y. Clénet , R. Davies , P. T. de Zeeuw , J. Dexter , Y. Dallilar , A. Drescher , F. Eisenhauer , T. Enßlin , N. M. Förster Schreiber , P. Garcia , F. Gao , E. Gendron , R. Genzel , S. Gillessen , M. Habibi , X. Haubois , G. Heißel , T. Henning , S. Hippler , M. Horrobin , A. Jiménez-Rosales , L. Jochum , L. Jocou , A. Kaufer , P. Kervella , S. Lacour , V. Lapeyrère , J. -B. Le Bouquin , P. Léna , D. Lutz , F. Mang , M. Nowak , T. Ott , T. Paumard , K. Perraut , G. Perrin , O. Pfuhl , S. Rabien , J. Shangguan , T. Shimizu , S. Scheithauer , J. Stadler , O. Straub , C. Straubmeier , E. Sturm , L. J. Tacconi , K. R. W. Tristram , F. Vincent , S. von Fellenberg , I. Waisberg , F. Widmann , E. Wieprecht , E. Wiezorrek , J. Woillez , S. Yazici , A. Young , G. Zins

Infrared interferometry to spatially and spectrally resolve jets in X-ray binaries

Infrared interferometry is a new frontier for precision ground based observing, with new instrumentation achieving milliarcsecond (mas) spatial resolutions for faint sources, along with astrometry on the order of 10 microarcseconds. This…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-05-06 Sera Markoff , David M. Russell , Jason Dexter , Oliver Pfuhl , Frank Eisenhauer , Roberto Abuter , James C. A. Miller-Jones , Thomas D. Russell

GRAVITY: getting to the event horizon of Sgr A*

We present the second-generation VLTI instrument GRAVITY, which currently is in the preliminary design phase. GRAVITY is specifically designed to observe highly relativistic motions of matter close to the event horizon of Sgr A*, the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 F. Eisenhauer , G. Perrin , W. Brandner , C. Straubmeier , A. Richichi , S. Gillessen , J. P. Berger , S. Hippler , A. Eckart , M. Schoeller , S. Rabien , F. Cassaing , R. Lenzen , M. Thiel , Y. Clenet , J. R. Ramos , S. Kellner , P. Fedou , H. Baumeister , R. Hofmann , E. Gendron , A. Boehm , H. Bartko , X. Haubois , R. Klein , K. Dodds-Eden , K. Houairi , F. Hormuth , A. Graeter , L. Jocou , V. Naranjo , R. Genzel , P. Kervella , T. Henning , N. Hamaus , S. Lacour , U. Neumann , M. Haug , F. Malbet , W. Laun , J. Kolmeder , T. Paumard , R. -R. Rohloff , O. Pfuhl , K. Perraut , J. Ziegleder , D. Rouan , G. Rousset

Disentangling Confused Stars at the Galactic Center with Long Baseline Infrared Interferometry

We present simulations of Keck Interferometer ASTRA and VLTI GRAVITY observations of mock star fields in orbit within ~50 milliarcseconds of Sgr A*. Dual-field phase referencing techniques, as implemented on ASTRA and planned for GRAVITY,…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-05 Jordan M. Stone , J. A. Eisner , J. D. Monnier , J. Woillez , P. Wizinowich , J. -U. Pott , A. M. Ghez

High contrast at short separation with VLTI/GRAVITY: Bringing Gaia companions to light

Since 2019, GRAVITY has provided direct observations of giant planets and brown dwarfs at separations of down to 95 mas from the host star. Some of these observations have provided the first direct confirmation of companions previously…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-06-07 N. Pourré , T. O. Winterhalder , J. -B. Le Bouquin , S. Lacour , A. Bidot , M. Nowak , A. -L. Maire , D. Mouillet , C. Babusiaux , J. Woillez , R. Abuter , A. Amorim , R. Asensio-Torres , W. O. Balmer , M. Benisty , J. -P. Berger , H. Beust , S. Blunt , A. Boccaletti , M. Bonnefoy , H. Bonnet , M. S. Bordoni , G. Bourdarot , W. Brandner , F. Cantalloube , P. Caselli , B. Charnay , G. Chauvin , A. Chavez , E. Choquet , V. Christiaens , Y. Clénet , V. Coudé du Foresto , A. Cridland , R. Davies , D. Defrère , R. Dembet , J. Dexter , A. Drescher , G. Duvert , A. Eckart , F. Eisenhauer , N. M. Föster Schreiber , P. Garcia , R. Garcia Lopez , E. Gendron , R. Genzel , S. Gillessen , J. H. Girard , F. Gonte , S. Grant , X. Haubois , G. Heißel , Th. Henning , S. Hinkley , S. Hippler , S. F. Hönig , M. Houllé , Z. Hubert , L. Jocou , J. Kammerer , M. Kenworthy , M. Keppler , P. Kervella , L. Kreidberg , N. T. Kurtovic , A. -M. Lagrange , V. Lapeyrère , D. Lutz , F. Mang , G. -D. Marleau , A. Mérand , F. Millour , P. Mollière , J. D. Monnier , C. Mordasini , E. Nasedkin , S. Oberti , T. Ott , G. P. L. Otten , C. Paladini , T. Paumard , K. Perraut , G. Perrin , O. Pfuhl , L. Pueyo , D. C. Ribeiro , E. Rickman , Z. Rustamkulov , J. Shangguan , T. Shimizu , D. Sing , F. Soulez , J. Stadler , T. Stolker , O. Straub , C. Straubmeier , E. Sturm , C. Sykes , L. J. Tacconi , E. F. van Dishoeck , A. Vigan , F. Vincent , S. D. von Fellenberg , J. Wang , F. Widmann , S. Yazici , the GRAVITY Collaboration , J. A. Abad , E. Aller Carpentier , J. Alonso , L. Andolfato , P. Barriga , J. -L. Beuzit , P. Bourget , R. Brast , L. Caniguante , E. Cottalorda , P. Darré , B. Delabre , A. Delboulbé , F. Delplancke-Ströbele , R. Donaldson , R. Dorn , C. Dupuy , S. Egner , G. Fischer , C. Frank , E. Fuenteseca , P. Gitton , T. Guerlet , S. Guieu , P. Gutierrez , P. Haguenauer , A. Haimerl , C. T. Heritier , S. Huber , N. Hubin , P. Jolley , J. -P. Kirchbauer , J. Kolb , J. Kosmalski , P. Krempl , M. Le Louarn , P. Lilley , B. Lopez , Y. Magnard , S. Mclay , A. Meilland , A. Meister , T. Moulin , L. Pasquini , J. Paufique , I. Percheron , L. Pettazzi , D. Phan , W. Pirani , J. Quentin , A. Rakich , R. Ridings , J. Reyes , S. Rochat , C. Schmid , N. Schuhler , P. Shchekaturov , M. Seidel , C. Soenke , E. Stadler , C. Stephan , M. Suárez , M. Todorovic , G. Valdes , C. Verinaud , G. Zins , S. Zúñiga-Fernández , the NAOMI Collaboration

Detection of faint stars near SgrA* with GRAVITY

The spin of the supermassive black hole that resides at the Galactic Centre can in principle be measured by accurate measurements of the orbits of stars that are much closer to SgrA* than S2, the orbit of which recently provided the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-02-26 GRAVITY Collaboration , R. Abuter , A. Amorim , M. Bauböck , J. P. Berger , H. Bonnet , W. Brandner , Y. Clénet , Y. Dallilar , R. Davies , P. T. de Zeeuw , J. Dexter , A. Drescher , F. Eisenhauer , N. M. Förster Schreiber , P. Garcia , F. Gao , E. Gendron , R. Genzel , S. Gillessen , M. Habibi , X. Haubois , G. Heißel , T. Henning , S. Hippler , M. Horrobin , A. Jiménez-Rosales , L. Jochum , L. Jocou , A. Kaufer , P. Kervella , S. Lacour , V. Lapeyrère , J. -B. Le Bouquin , P. Léna , D. Lutz , M. Nowak , T. Ott , T. Paumard , K. Perraut , G. Perrin , O. Pfuhl , S. Rabien , G. Rodríguez-Coira , J. Shangguan , T. Shimizu , S. Scheithauer , J. Stadler , O. Straub , C. Straubmeier , E. Sturm , L. J. Tacconi , F. Vincent , S. von Fellenberg , I. Waisberg , F. Widmann , E. Wieprecht , E. Wiezorrek , J. Woillez , S. Yazici , G. Zins

Improving constraints on the extended mass distribution in the Galactic Center with stellar orbits

Studying the orbital motion of stars around Sagittarius A* in the Galactic Center provides a unique opportunity to probe the gravitational potential near the supermassive black hole at the heart of our Galaxy. Interferometric data obtained…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-12-18 The GRAVITY Collaboration , Karim Abd El Dayem , Roberto Abuter , Nicolas Aimar , Pau Amaro Seoane , Antonio Amorim , Julie Beck , Jean Philippe Berger , Henri Bonnet , Guillaume Bourdarot , Wolfgang Brandner , Vitor Cardoso , Roberto Capuzzo Dolcetta , Yann Clénet , Ric Davies , Tim de Zeeuw , Antonia Drescher , Andreas Eckart , Frank Eisenhauer , Helmut Feuchtgruber , Gert Finger , Natascha M. Förster Schreiber , Arianna Foschi , Feng Gao , Paulo Garcia , Eric Gendron , Reinhard Genzel , Stefan Gillessen , Michael Hartl , Xavier Haubois , Frank Haussman , Gernot Heißel , Thomas Hennig , Stefan Hippler , Matthew Horrobin , Lieselotte Jochum , Laurent Jocou , Andreas Kaufer , Pierre Kervella , Sylvestre Lacour , Vincent Lapeyrère , Jean B. Le Bouquin , Pierre Léna , Dieter Lutz , Felix Mang , Nikhil More , Thomas Ott , Thibaut Paumard , Karine Perraut , Guy Perrin , Oliver Pfuhl , Sebastien Rabien , Diogo C. Ribeiro , Matteo Sadun Bordoni , Silvia Scheithauer , Jinyi Shangguan , Taro Shimizu , Julia Stadler , Odele Straub , Christian Straubmeier , Eckhard Sturm , Linda J. Tacconi , Irene Urso , Frederic Vincent , Sebastiano D. Von Fellenberg , Felix Widmann , Ekkehard Wieprecht , Julien Woillez , Fupeng Zhang

Kilometer-baseline interferometry: science drivers for the next generation instrument

Infrared interferometry has seen a revolution over the last few years. The advent of GRAVITY+ is about to enable high-contrast observations, all-sky coverage and faint science up to K=21, with the implementation on 8m-class telescope of…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-10-30 G. Bourdarot , F. Eisenhauer

Astrometric Effects of Secular Aberration

One of the main endeavors of fundamental astrometry is to establish a practical realization of an inertial reference frame anchored to celestial objects whose positions are defined in the barycentric coordinates of the solar system. The…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Sergei M. Kopeikin , Valeri V. Makarov

The metrology system of the VLTI instrument GRAVITY

The VLTI instrument GRAVITY combines the beams from four telescopes and provides phase-referenced imaging as well as precision-astrometry of order 10 microarcseconds by observing two celestial objects in dual-field mode. Their angular…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-18 Magdalena Lippa , Stefan Gillessen , Nicolas Blind , Yipting Kok , Senol Yazici , Johannes Weber , Oliver Pfuhl , Marcus Haug , Stefan Kellner , Ekkehard Wieprecht , Frank Eisenhauer , Reinhard Genzel , Oliver Hans , Frank Haussmann , David Huber , Tobias Kratschmann , Thomas Ott , Markus Plattner , Christian Rau , Eckhard Sturm , Idel Waisberg , Erich Wiezorrek , Guy Perrin , Karine Perraut , Wolfgang Brandner , Christian Straubmeier , Antonio Amorim

The mass distribution in the Galactic Centre from interferometric astrometry of multiple stellar orbits

The stars orbiting the compact radio source Sgr A* in the Galactic Centre are precision probes of the gravitational field around the closest massive black hole. In addition to adaptive optics assisted astrometry (with NACO / VLT) and…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-12-15 GRAVITY Collaboration , R. Abuter , N. Aimar , A. Amorim , J. Ball , M. Bauböck , J. P. Berger , H. Bonnet , G. Bourdarot , W. Brandner , V. Cardoso , Y. Clénet , Y. Dallilar , R. Davies , P. T. de Zeeuw , J. Dexter , A. Drescher , F. Eisenhauer , N. M. Förster Schreiber , A. Foschi , P. Garcia , F. Gao , E. Gendron , R. Genzel , S. Gillessen , M. Habibi , X. Haubois , G. Heißel , T. Henning , S. Hippler , M. Horrobin , L. Jochum , L. Jocou , A. Kaufer , P. Kervella , S. Lacour , V. Lapeyrère , J. -B. Le Bouquin , P. Léna , D. Lutz , T. Ott , T. Paumard , K. Perraut , G. Perrin , O. Pfuhl , S. Rabien , J. Shangguan , T. Shimizu , S. Scheithauer , J. Stadler , A. W. Stephens , O. Straub , C. Straubmeier , E. Sturm , L. J. Tacconi , K. R. W. Tristram , F. Vincent , S. von Fellenberg , F. Widmann , E. Wieprecht , E. Wiezorrek , J. Woillez , S. Yazici , A. Young , G. Zins

Single-mode waveguides for GRAVITY II. Single-mode fibers and Fiber Control Unit

The 2nd generation VLTI instrument GRAVITY is a two-field infrared interferometer operating in the K band between 1.97 and 2.43 $\mu$m with either the four 8 m or the four 1.8 m telescopes of the Very Large Telescope (VLT). Beams collected…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-01-22 G. Perrin , L. Jocou , K. Perraut , J. Ph. Berger , R. Dembet , P. Fédou , S. Lacour , F. Chapron , C. Collin , S. Poulain , V. Cardin , F. Joulain , F. Eisenhauer , X. Haubois , S. Gillessen , M. Haug , F. Hausmann , P. Kervella , P. Léna , M. Lippa , O. Pfuh , S. Rabien , A. Amorim , W. Brandner , C. Straubmeier

First Light for the GRAVITY+ Adaptive Optics: Extreme Adaptive Optics for the Very Large Telescope Interferometer

GRAVITY+ improves by orders of magnitude the sensitivity, sky-coverage and contrast of the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI). A central part of this project is the development of Gravity Plus Adaptive Optics (GPAO), a dedicated…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-11 GRAVITY+ Collaboration , : , F. Allouche , C. Bailet , M. Benisty , A. Berdeu , J. -P. Berger , P. Berio , A. Bigioli , C. Blanchard , O. Boebion , H. Bonnet , G. Bourdarot , P. Bourget , W. Brandner , J. Brulé , P. Burgos , M. Carbillet , C. Correia , B. Courtney Barrer , S. Curaba , R. Davies , D. Defrère , A. Delboulbé , F. Delplancke , R. Dembet , A. Drescher , N. Dubost , A. Eckart , C. Édouard , F. Eisenhauer , L. Esteras Otal , M. Fabricius , H. Feuchtgruber , P. Fédou , G. Finger , N. M. Förster Schreiber , R. Frahm , E. Garcia , P. Garcia , R. Garcia Lopez , R. Genzel , J. P. Gil , S. Gillessen , T. Gomes , F. Gonté , V. Gopinath , C. Gouvret , J. Graf , P. Guajardo , S. Guieu , W. Hackenberg , M. Hartl , X. Haubois , F. Haußmann , T. Henning , P. Hibon , S. Hönig , M. Horrobin , M. Houllé , N. Hubin , I. Ibn Taieb , L. Jochum , L. Jocou , A. Jost , J. Kammerer , L. Karl , A. Kaufer , P. Kern , P. Kervella , J. Kolb , H. Korhonen , L. Kreidberg , P. Krempl , S. Lacour , S. Lagarde , O. Lai , V. Lapeyrère , R. Laugier , V. Leal , J. -B. Le Bouquin , J. Leftley , P. Léna , B. Lopez , D. Lutz , Y. Magnard , F. Mang , A. Marcotto , D. Maurel , A. Mérand , F. Millour , M. Montarges , N. More , N. Morujão , T. Moulin , H. Nowacki , M. Nowak , S. Oberti , T. Ott , L. Pallanca , F. Patru , T. Paumard , K. Perraut , G. Perrin , P. O. Petrucci , R. Petrov , O. Pfuhl , N. Pourré , S. Rabien , C. Rau , M. Riquelme , S. Robbe-Dubois , S. Rochat , M. Salman , J. Sánchez-Bermúdez , J. Schubert , J. Scigliuto , P. Shchekaturov , N. Schuhler , J. Shangguan , T. Shimizu , S. Scheithauer , C. Soenke , F. Soulez , E. Stadler , J. Stadler , C. Straubmeier , E. Sturm , M. Subroweit , C. Sykes , L. J. Tacconi , K. R. W. Tristram , S. Uysal , S. von Fellenberg , F. Widmann , E. Wieprecht , E. Wiezorrek , J. Woillez , S. Yazici , G. Zins

What is limiting near-infrared astrometry in the Galactic Center?

We systematically investigate the error sources for high-precision astrometry from adaptive optics based near-infrared imaging data. We focus on the application in the crowded stellar field in the Galactic Center. We show that at the level…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-14 Tobias K. Fritz , Stefan Gillessen , Sascha Trippe , Thomas Ott , Hendrik Bartko , Oliver Pfuhl , Katie Dodds-Eden , Richard Davies , Frank Eisenhauer , Reinhard Genzel

Constraints on alternative theories of gravity with observations of the Galactic Center

To evaluate a potential usually one analyzes trajectories of test particles. For the Galactic Center case astronomers use bright stars or photons, so there are two basic observational techniques to investigate a gravitational potential,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-01-25 Alexander Zakharov

GRAVITY: the Calibration Unit

We present in this paper the design and characterisation of a new sub-system of the VLTI 2nd generation instrument GRAVITY: the Calibration Unit. The Calibration Unit provides all functions to test and calibrate the beam combiner…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2014-08-07 N. Blind , F. Eisenhauer , M. Haug , S. Gillessen , M. Lippa , L. Burtscher , O. Hans , F. Haussmann , S. Huber , A. Janssen , S. Kellner , Y. Kok , T. Ott , O. Pfuhl , E. Sturm , J. Weber , E. Wieprecht , A. Amorim , W. Brandner , G. Perrin , K. Perraut , C. Straubmeier