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Deep neural networks have achieved impressive success in large-scale visual object recognition tasks with a predefined set of classes. However, recognizing objects of novel classes unseen during training still remains challenging. The…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-06-18 Kibok Lee , Kimin Lee , Kyle Min , Yuting Zhang , Jinwoo Shin , Honglak Lee

The underlying structure of natural language is hierarchical; words combine into phrases, which in turn form clauses. An awareness of this hierarchical structure can aid machine learning models in performing many linguistic tasks. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-01 Ashok Thillaisundaram

Entity matching (EM) is a fundamental task in data integration and analytics, essential for identifying records that refer to the same real-world entity across diverse sources. In practice, datasets often differ widely in structure, format,…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Mohammad Hossein Moslemi , Amir Mousavi , Behshid Behkamal , Mostafa Milani

Recent advancements have significantly enhanced the performance of large language models (LLMs) in tackling complex reasoning tasks, achieving notable success in domains like mathematical and logical reasoning. However, these methods…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Runquan Gui , Zhihai Wang , Jie Wang , Chi Ma , Huiling Zhen , Mingxuan Yuan , Jianye Hao , Defu Lian , Enhong Chen , Feng Wu

Affinity propagation is an exemplar-based clustering algorithm that finds a set of data-points that best exemplify the data, and associates each datapoint with one exemplar. We extend affinity propagation in a principled way to solve the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-02-20 Inmar Givoni , Clement Chung , Brendan J. Frey

Hierarchy is one of the most conspicuous features of numerous natural, technological and social systems. The underlying structures are typically complex and their most relevant organizational principle is the ordering of the ties among the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2014-03-05 Tamás Nepusz , Tamás Vicsek

Many atlases used for brain parcellation are hierarchically organised, progressively dividing the brain into smaller sub-regions. However, state-of-the-art parcellation methods tend to ignore this structure and treat labels as if they are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-17 Mark S. Graham , Carole H. Sudre , Thomas Varsavsky , Petru-Daniel Tudosiu , Parashkev Nachev , Sebastien Ourselin , M. Jorge Cardoso

As data grows in size and complexity, finding frameworks which aid in interpretation and analysis has become critical. This is particularly true when data comes from complex systems where extensive structure is available, but must be drawn…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-24 Henry Kvinge , Brett Jefferson , Cliff Joslyn , Emilie Purvine

One-shot methods have significantly advanced the field of neural architecture search (NAS) by adopting weight-sharing strategy to reduce search costs. However, the accuracy of performance estimation can be compromised by co-adaptation.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Jianfeng Li , Jiawen Zhang , Feng Wang , Lianbo Ma

Hub structure, characterized by a few highly interconnected nodes surrounded by a larger number of nodes with fewer connections, is a prominent topological feature of biological brains, contributing to efficient information transfer and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Zhaoze Wang , Junsong Wang

This work proposes a novel approach to the deep hierarchical classification task, i.e., the problem of classifying data according to multiple labels organized in a rigid parent-child structure. It consists in a multi-output deep neural…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Lorenzo Fiaschi , Marco Cococcioni

Hierarchical Text Classification (HTC), which aims to predict text labels organized in hierarchical space, is a significant task lacking in investigation in natural language processing. Existing methods usually encode the entire…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-20 Wei Huang , Chen Liu , Yihua Zhao , Xinyun Yang , Zhaoming Pan , Zhimin Zhang , Guiquan Liu

Hierarchical text classification (HTC) is the task of assigning labels to a text within a structured space organized as a hierarchy. Recent works treat HTC as a conventional multilabel classification problem, therefore evaluating it as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Roman Plaud , Matthieu Labeau , Antoine Saillenfest , Thomas Bonald

Hierarchical classification offers an approach to incorporate the concept of mistake severity by leveraging a structured, labeled hierarchy. However, decoding in such settings frequently relies on heuristic decision rules, which may not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Roman Plaud , Alexandre Perez-Lebel , Matthieu Labeau , Antoine Saillenfest , Thomas Bonald

This work describes an automatic text classification method implemented in a software tool called NETHIC, which takes advantage of the inner capabilities of highly-scalable neural networks combined with the expressiveness of hierarchical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Luigi Lomasto , Rosario Di Florio , Andrea Ciapetti , Giuseppe Miscione , Giulia Ruggiero , Daniele Toti

The adaptation of large language models (LLMs) to specialized reasoning tasks is fundamentally constrained by computational resources. Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods have emerged as a powerful solution, yet the landscape of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Brennen Hill

Hierarchical text classification (HTC) is a special sub-task of multi-label classification (MLC) whose taxonomy is constructed as a tree and each sample is assigned with at least one path in the tree. Latest HTC models contain three…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Zhijian Chen , Zhonghua Li , Jianxin Yang , Ye Qi

Taxonomy expansion task is essential in organizing the ever-increasing volume of new concepts into existing taxonomies. Most existing methods focus exclusively on using textual semantics, leading to an inability to generalize to unseen…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-13 Tinghui Zhu , Jingping Liu , Jiaqing Liang , Haiyun Jiang , Yanghua Xiao , Zongyu Wang , Rui Xie , Yunsen Xian

In this paper, we develop a decision support system for the hierarchical text classification. We consider text collections with a fixed hierarchical structure of topics given by experts in the form of a tree. The system sorts the topics by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-24 Arsentii Kuzmin , Alexander Aduenko , Vadim Strijov

Hierarchical Text Classification (HTC) is a challenging task where a document can be assigned to multiple hierarchically structured categories within a taxonomy. The majority of prior studies consider HTC as a flat multi-label…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-20 Chao Yu , Yi Shen , Yue Mao , Longjun Cai