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Entanglement is at the heart of fundamental tests of quantum mechanics like tests of Bell-inequalities and, as discovered lately, of quantum computation and communication. Their technological advance made entangled photons play an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Wolfgang Tittel , Gregor Weihs

Quantum metrology seeks to push the boundaries of measurement precision by harnessing quantum phenomena. Conventional methods often rely on maximally entangled resources, with states that are usually challenging to produce and sustain in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-23 Unathi Skosana , Byron Alexander , Changhyoup Lee , Mark Tame

Bell inequalities are a cornerstone of quantum physics. By carefully selecting measurement bases (typically polarization), their violation certifies quantum entanglement. Such measurements are disrupted by the presence of optical disorder…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-26 Baptiste Courme , Malo Joly , Adrian Makowski , Sylvain Gigan , Hugo Defienne

We propose a protocol to perform long-range distribution of near-maximally entangled multiphoton states, allowing versatile applications such as quantum key distribution (QKD) and quantum metrology which can provide alternatives to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-12 Monika E. Mycroft , Thomas McDermott , Adam Buraczewski , Magdalena Stobińska

Bell-state projections serve as a fundamental basis for most quantum communication and computing protocols today. However, with current Bell-state measurement schemes based on linear optics, only two of four Bell states can be identified,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-06 Matthias J. Bayerbach , Simone E. D'Aurelio , Peter van Loock , Stefanie Barz

Although the realization of useful quantum computers poses significant challenges, swift progress in emerging quantum technologies is making this goal realistically approachable. In this context, one of the essential resources is quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-11 Valeria Saggio , Philip Walther

We report on the usage of a linear optics phase gate for distinguishing all four Bell states simultaneously in a quantum teleportation and entanglement swapping protocol. This is demonstrated by full state tomography of the one and two…

We implement experimentally a deterministic method to prepare and measure so called single-photon two-qubit entangled states or single-photon Bell-states, in which the polarization and the spatial modes of a single-photon each represent a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Yoon-Ho Kim

We present a linear optics quantum computation scheme that employs a new encoding approach that incrementally adds qubits and is tolerant to photon loss errors. The scheme employs a circuit model but uses techniques from cluster state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 T. C. Ralph , A. J. F. Hayes , Alexei Gilchrist

Entanglement is an extraordinary feature of quantum mechanics. Sources of entangled optical photons were essential to test the foundations of quantum physics through violations of Bell's inequalities. More recently, entangled many-body…

We propose a fault-tolerant quantum computation scheme in a measurement-based manner with finite-sized entangled resource states and encoded fusion scheme with linear optics. The encoded-fusion is an entangled measurement devised to enhance…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-06 Wooyeong Song , Nuri Kang , Yong-Su Kim , Seung-Woo Lee

A major challenge in practical quantum computation is the ineludible errors caused by the interaction of quantum systems with their environment. Fault-tolerant schemes, in which logical qubits are encoded by several physical qubits, enable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-12-17 Kai Sun , Jin-Shi Xu , Xiao-Ye Xu , Yong-Jian Han , Chuan-Feng Li , Guang-Can Guo

Entangled photons are a crucial resource for quantum communication and linear optical quantum computation. Unfortunately, the applicability of many photon-based schemes is limited due to the stochastic character of the photon sources.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-02-07 Stefanie Barz , Gunther Cronenberg , Anton Zeilinger , Philip Walther

Quantum correlations may violate the Bell inequalities. Most of the experimental schemes confirming this prediction have been realized in all-optical Bell tests suffering from the detection loophole. Experiment which closes this loophole…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-09-23 Magdalena Stobińska , Pavel Sekatski , Adam Buraczewski , Nicolas Gisin , Gerd Leuchs

Frequency-entangled photons can be readily produced using parametric down-conversion. We have recently shown how such entanglement could be manipulated and measured using electro-optic phase modulators and narrow-band frequency filters,…

Scalable quantum computing and communication requires the protection of quantum information from the detrimental effects of decoherence and noise. Previous work tackling this problem has relied on the original circuit model for quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-04-23 B. A. Bell , D. A. Herrera-Martí , M. S. Tame , D. Markham , W. J. Wadsworth , J. G. Rarity

In this review we present the potentialities and the achievements of the use of non-classical photon number correlations in twin beams (TWB) states for many applications, ranging from imaging to metrology. Photon number correlations in the…

Generating entanglement between distributed network nodes is a prerequisite for the quantum internet. Entanglement distribution protocols based on high-dimensional photonic qudits enable the simultaneous generation of multiple entangled…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-15 Xiaoyu Liu , Niv Bharos , Liubov Markovich , Johannes Borregaard

In order to implement fault-tolerant quantum computation, entanglement generation with low error probability and high success probability is required. We have proposed the use of squeezed coherent light as a probe to generate entanglement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-03-23 Fumiaki Matsuoka , Akihisa Tomita , Atsushi Okamoto

In this letter, we propose a method of dark count correction in quantum state tomography of entangled photon pairs. The framework is based on a linear model of dark counts, which is imposed on the measurement formalism. The method is tested…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-21 Artur Czerwinski