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We calculate the off--center observational relations in a spherically symmetric dust universe that is inhomogeneous at small redshifts. In contrast to the usual model, in which the CMBR dipole is interpreted as a Doppler effect due to…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-28 Neil Humphreys , Roy Maartens , David Matravers

Our peculiar velocity with respect to the CMB rest frame is known to induce a large dipole in the CMB. However, the motion of an observer has also the effect of distorting the anisotropies at all scales, as shown by Challinor and Van…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-09-07 Luca Amendola , Riccardo Catena , Isabella Masina , Alessio Notari , Miguel Quartin , Claudia Quercellini

Large-scale structure surveys can be used to measure the dipole in the cosmic microwave background (CMB), in the luminosity distances inferred from type-Ia supernova observations, and in the spatial distribution of galaxies and quasars. The…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-08 Jaiyul Yoo , Matteo Magi , Dragan Huterer

This is a somewhat extended version of the original July 93 report. It is proved that the cosmological density perturbation is associated with a peculiar velocity field. This allows a simple formulation of cosmological perturbation theory,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-11-01 Marco Bruni , David H. Lyth

We are in motion against the cosmic backdrop. This motion is evidenced by the systematic temperature shift - or dipole anisotropy - observed in the Cosmic Microwave Background radiation (CMB). Because of the Doppler effect, the temperature…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 Chris Blake , Jasper Wall

We examine the sky distribution of radio galaxies in the NRAO VLA Sky Survey (NVSS) and the Rapid ASKAP Continuum Survey (RACS). Analyses of these samples have reported tension between their inferred dipoles and the kinematic dipole of the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-06-05 Oliver T. Oayda , Vasudev Mittal , Geraint F. Lewis , Tara Murphy

Observations reveal a `bulk flow' in the local Universe which is faster and extends to much larger scales than is expected around a typical observer in the standard $\Lambda$CDM cosmology. This is expected to result in a scale-dependent…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-11-27 Jacques Colin , Roya Mohayaee , Mohamed Rameez , Subir Sarkar

The velocity of the Sun with respect to the cosmic microwave background (CMB) can be extracted from the CMB dipole, provided its intrinsic dipole is assumed to be small in comparison. This interpretation is consistent, within fairly large…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-05-24 Charles Dalang , Ruth Durrer , Fabien Lacasa

We generate the peculiar velocity field for the 2MASS Redshift Survey (2MRS) catalog using an orbit-reconstruction algorithm. The reconstructed velocities of individual objects in 2MRS are well-correlated with the peculiar velocities…

Astrophysics · Physics 2012-02-08 G. Lavaux , R. Brent Tully , R. Mohayaee , S. Colombi

Peculiar velocities encode rich cosmological information, but their transverse components are hard to measure. Here, we present the first observations of a novel effect of transverse velocities: the dipole signatures that they imprint on…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-06-16 Yan-Chuan Cai , John A. Peacock , Anna de Graaff , Shadab Alam

According to the Cosmological Principle, the matter distribution on very large scales should have a kinematic dipole that is aligned with that of the CMB. We determine the dipole anisotropy in the number counts of two all-sky surveys of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-04-11 C. A. P. Bengaly , R. Maartens , M. G. Santos

The Universe on scales $10-100~h^{-1}$ Mpc is dominated by a cosmic web of voids, filaments, sheets and knots of galaxy clusters. These structures participate differently in the global expansion of the Universe: from non-expanding clusters…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-06-21 Krzysztof Bolejko , M. Ahsan Nazer , David L. Wiltshire

We employ Maximum Likelihood Estimators to examine the Pantheon+ catalogue of Type Ia supernovae for large scale anisotropies in the expansion rate of the Universe. The analyses are carried out in the heliocentric frame, the CMB frame, as…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-06-02 Animesh Sah , Mohamed Rameez , Subir Sarkar , Christos Tsagas

We present a novel approach to disentangle two key contributions to the largest-scale anisotropy of the galaxy distribution: (i) the intrinsic dipole due to clustering and anisotropic geometry, and (ii) the kinematic dipole due to our…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-11-09 Tobias Nadolny , Ruth Durrer , Martin Kunz , Hamsa Padmanabhan

The aberration and Doppler coupling effects of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) were recently measured by the Planck satellite. The most straightforward interpretation leads to a direct detection of our peculiar velocity $\beta$,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-06-14 Omar Roldan , Alessio Notari , Miguel Quartin

Superhorizon perturbations induce large-scale temperature anisotropies in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) via the Grishchuk-Zel'dovich effect. We analyze the CMB temperature anisotropies generated by a single-mode adiabatic…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Adrienne L. Erickcek , Sean M. Carroll , Marc Kamionkowski

The largest temperature anisotropy in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) is the dipole. The simplest interpretation of the dipole is that it is due to our motion with respect to the rest frame of the CMB. As well as creating the $\ell$=1…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-11-25 Raelyn M. Sullivan , Douglas Scott

Recent analyses of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) maps from the WMAP satellite have uncovered evidence for a hemispherical power anomaly, i.e. a dipole modulation of the CMB power spectrum at large angular scales with an amplitude of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2009-09-28 Christopher M. Hirata

We present a general framework for accurate spectral modeling of the low multipoles of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) as observed in a boosted frame. In particular, we demonstrate how spectral measurements of the low multipoles can…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-12-06 Siavash Yasini , Elena Pierpaoli

The peculiar motion of the Earth causes a dipole anisotropy modulation in the distant galaxy distribution due to the aberration effect. However, the amplitude and angular direction of the effect is not necessarily the same as those of the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2010-10-12 Yousuke Itoh , Kazuhiro Yahata , Masahiro Takada