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We predict exotic doubly heavy--strange pentaquarks with minimal quark content $u\bar d sQQ'$ ($QQ'=cc,bc,bb$) within a coupled-channel unitary framework where the interaction is derived from an extension of the local hidden gauge approach…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-05-26 Albert Feijoo , Eulogio Oset

We discuss exotic states X(3872) and $Z^+(4430)$, observed recently in experiment Belle. The QCD-string based explanation is suggested.

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-09-14 S. S. Gershtein , A. K. Likhoded , G. P. Pronko

The newly observed hidden-charm tetraquark state $Z_{cs}(3985)$, together with $Z_c(3900)$ and $X(4020)$, are studied in the combined theoretical framework of the effective range expansion, compositeness relation and the decay width…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-03-26 Zhi-Hui Guo , J. A. Oller

$Z_c(4430)$ discovered in $\bar{B}^0\to\psi(2S)K^-\pi^+$, $Z_c(4200)$ found in $\bar{B}^0\to J/\psi K^-\pi^+$, and $Z_1(4050)$ and $Z_2(4250)$ observed in $\bar{B}^0\to\chi_{c1}K^-\pi^+$ are candidates of charged charmonium-like states. All…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-08-26 Satoshi X. Nakamura

We consider $X(3872)$ and $Y(4140)$ as the vector tetraquark states of $X_c^0\equiv c\bar c u\bar u(d\bar d)$ and $c\bar c s\bar s$, respectively. By connecting $\Lambda_b\to X_c^0\Lambda$ to $B^-\to X_c^0 K^-$, we predict that the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2016-04-07 Y. K. Hsiao , C. Q. Geng

We investigated the four-quark systems with quark structures of $cs\bar{c}\bar{s}$, $cq\bar{c}\bar{s}$, $bs\bar{b}\bar{s}$, and $bq\bar{b}\bar{s}$ in the framework of the non-relativistic quark model, motivated by the recent observation of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-05-10 Rohit Tiwari , Ajay Kumar Rai

The past decade witnessed a remarkable proliferation of exotic charmonium-like resonances discovered at accelerators. In particular, the recently observed charged states are clearly not interpretable as q-qbar mesons. Notwithstanding the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-02-12 Angelo Esposito , Andrea L. Guerrieri , Fulvio Piccinini , Alessandro Pilloni , Antonio D. Polosa

Motivated by the recent discovery of the hidden charm exotic state with strangeness by the BESIII and LHCb Collaborations, we study the $S$ wave strange hidden bottom tetraquark in two kinds of quark models. Both meson-meson and…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-04-19 Xuejie Liu , Dianyong Chen , Hongxia Huang , Jialun Ping , Xiaoyun Chen , Youchang Yang

In this paper, we have systematically explored the mass spectrum of fully strange tetraquark candidates within the framework of QCD sum rules, focusing on states with quantum numbers $J^{PC}=0^{++}$, $0^{-+}$, $0^{--}$, $1^{--}$, $1^{+-}$,…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-05-05 Bing-Dong Wan , Ji-Chong Yang

We investigate the resonance phenomenon in deeply bound charmoniumlike states. By interpreting the $Y(4220)$, $Y(4360)$, and $\psi(4415)$ states as deeply $S$-wave bound $D \bar D_1$, $D^* \bar D_1$, and $D^* \bar D_2^*$ molecules,…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-09-10 Zhi-Peng Wang , Fu-Lai Wang , Guang-Juan Wang , Xiang Liu

In the framework of an extended chromomagnetic model, we systematically study the mass spectrum of the $S$-wave $qQ\bar{Q}\bar{Q}$ tetraquarks. Their mass spectra are mainly determined by the color interaction. For the $qc\bar{c}\bar{c}$,…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-02-25 Xin-Zhen Weng , Wei-Zhen Deng , Shi-Lin Zhu

We suggest to use the state $Y(4630)$, which decays predominantly to $\Lambda_c\bar\Lambda_c$, as a window to the landscape of tetraquarks. We propose a simple criterion to decide whether a state is a genuine stringy exotic hadron - a…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-06-08 Jacob Sonnenschein , Dorin Weissman

Using the method of QCD Sum Rules, we derive the correlator $\Pi^Z$ for a state consisting of two charm quarks and two light quarks, $c\bar{c}u\bar{d}$, and carry out a Borel transform to find $\Pi^Z(M_B)$. From this we find the solution…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-09-16 Leonard S. Kisslinger , Steven Casper

In the framework of the color-magnetic interaction, we systematically investigate the mass spectrum of the tetraquark states composed of four heavy quarks with the $QQ\bar Q\bar Q$ configuration in this work. We also show their strong decay…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2018-05-18 Jing Wu , Yan-Rui Liu , Kan Chen , Xiang Liu , Shi-Lin Zhu

Inspired by the great progress in the observations of charmonium-like states in recent years, we perform a systematic analysis about the ground states and the first radially excited states of $qc\bar{q}\bar{c}$ ($q$=$u/d$ and $s$)…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-11-04 Guo-Liang Yu , Zhen-Yu Li , Zhi-Gang Wang , Bin WU , Ze Zhou , Jie Lu

In recent years tetraquark and pentaquark states have received much attention due to the significant experimental findings. In this work masses of some heavy tetraquarks are estimated by considering the spin-spin interaction, the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-08-03 Sindhu D G , Akhilesh Ranjan

Inspired by the recent report of the exotic states $X_{0}(2900)$ and $X_{1}(2900)$ with four different quark flavors in the $D^{-}K^{+}$ invariant mass distributions of the decay process $B^{+}\rightarrow D^{+}D^{-}K^{+}$ by the LHCb…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-03-17 Yaoyao Xue , Xin Jin , Hongxia Huang , Jialun Ping

$Z_c(4430)$ discovered by the Belle and confirmed by the LHCb in $\bar{B}^0\to\psi(2S)K^-\pi^+$ is generally considered to be a charged charmonium-like state that includes minimally two quarks and two antiquarks. $Z_c(4200)$ found in…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2019-09-18 S. X. Nakamura , K. Tsushima

A new charged state, called $Z_c(3900)$ has been recently observed by BESIII collaboration in $J/\psi\pi^{\pm}$ channel. The same has been confirmed by Belle (called Z(3894.5 in the Belle paper). In this short note we discuss probable…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2013-04-09 Namit Mahajan

The quark model was formulated in 1964 to classify mesons as bound states made of a quark-antiquark pair, and baryons as bound states made of three quarks. For a long time all known mesons and baryons could be classified within this scheme.…