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Aerosol scattering influences the retrieval of the column-averaged dry-air mole fraction of CO2 (XCO2) from the Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2). This is especially true for surfaces with reflectance close to a critical value where…

We propose a methodology to enhance local CO2 monitoring by integrating satellite data from the Orbiting Carbon Observatories (OCO-2 and OCO-3) with ground level observations from the Integrated Carbon Observation System (ICOS) and weather…

Satellite-based estimates of greenhouse gas (GHG) properties from observations of reflected solar spectra are integral for understanding and monitoring complex terrestrial systems and their impact on the carbon cycle due to their near…

Observing system uncertainty experiments (OSUEs) have been recently proposed as a cost-effective way to perform probabilistic assessment of retrievals for NASA's Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2) mission. One important component in the…

The steadily increasing amount of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO$_2$) is affecting the global climate system and threatening the long-term sustainability of Earth's ecosystem. In order to better understand the sources and sinks of CO$_2$,…

Quantifying the vertical distribution of atmospheric aerosols is crucial for estimating their impact on the Earth energy budget and climate, improving forecast of air pollution in cities, and reducing biases in the retrieval of greenhouse…

Several satellites (e.g., OCO-2 & 3) and their derived products now provide spatially extensive coverage of the abundance of carbon dioxide in the atmospheric column (XCO$_2$). However, the accuracy of the XCO$_2$ reported in these products…

Remote sensing observations, products and simulations are fundamental sources of information to monitor our planet and its climate variability. Uncovering the main modes of spatial and temporal variability in Earth data is essential to…

Using forward models for representative exoplanet atmospheres and a radiometric instrument model, we have generated synthetic observational data to explore how well the major C- and O-bearing chemical species (CO, CO2, CH4, and H2O),…

Satellite remote sensing of trace gases such as carbon dioxide (CO$_2$) has increased our ability to observe and understand Earth's climate. However, these remote sensing data, specifically~Level 2 retrievals, tend to be irregular in space…

NASA's Habitable Worlds Observatory (HWO) will search for biosignatures on Earth-like exoplanets using reflected light spectroscopy. A critical instrument design parameter is resolving power, which must balance biosignature detectability…

The Rapid Carbon Assessment (RaCA) project was conducted by the US Department of Agriculture's National Resources Conservation Service between 2010-2012 in order to provide contemporaneous measurements of soil organic carbon (SOC) across…

In the near future, extremely-large ground-based telescopes may conduct some of the first searches for life beyond the solar system. High-spectral resolution observations of reflected light from nearby exoplanetary atmospheres could be used…

Accurate mapping of column-averaged CO2 (XCO2) over agricultural landscapes is essential for guiding emission mitigation strategies. We present a Spatiotemporal Vision Transformer with Wavelets (ST-ViWT) framework that reconstructs…

An increasing number of potentially habitable terrestrial planets and planet candidates are found by ongoing planet search programs. The search for atmospheric signatures to establish planetary habitability and the presence of life might be…

In the near-future, atmospheric characterization of Earth-like planets in the habitable zone will become possible via reflectance spectroscopy with future telescopes such as the proposed LUVOIR and HabEx missions. While previous studies…

Direct imaging spectroscopy with future space-based telescopes will constrain terrestrial planet atmospheric composition and potentially detect biosignature gases. One promising indication of life is abundant atmospheric O2. However,…

The $\lambda$ = 2.06 $\mu$m absorption band of CO$_2$ is widely used for the remote sensing of atmospheric carbon dioxide, making it relevant to many important top-down measurements of carbon flux. The forward models used in the retrieval…

Advances in Earth observation (EO) foundation models have unlocked the potential of big satellite data to learn generic representations from space, benefiting a wide range of downstream applications crucial to our planet. However, most…

Dealing with land cover classification of the new image sources has also turned to be a complex problem requiring large amount of memory and processing time. In order to cope with these problems, statistical learning has greatly helped in…