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Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have sparse, event driven processing that can leverage neuromorphic applications. In this work, we introduce a multi-threading kernel that enables neuromorphic applications running at the edge, meaning they…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Lars Niedermeier , Vyom Shah , Jeffrey L. Krichmar

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have succeeded in many different perception tasks, e.g., computer vision, natural language processing, reinforcement learning, etc. The high-performed DNNs heavily rely on intensive resource consumption. For…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-10 Zhongnan Qu

Existing approaches to train neural networks that use large images require to either crop or down-sample data during pre-processing, use small batch sizes, or split the model across devices mainly due to the prohibitively limited memory…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-12 Kushal Datta , Imtiaz Hossain , Sun Choi , Vikram Saletore , Kyle Ambert , William J. Godinez , Xian Zhang

The challenges involved in executing neural networks (NNs) at the edge include providing diversity, flexibility, and sustainability. That implies, for instance, supporting evolving applications and algorithms energy-efficiently. Using…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Federico Manca , Francesco Ratto , Francesca Palumbo

Microcontroller units (MCU), which have an order of magnitude lower Size, Weight and Power (SWaP) than standard computers, makes them suitable for applications at the edge. Neuromorphic computing, which can realize low SWaP, relies on…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-21 L. Niedermeier , J. L. Krichmar

Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) were once used solely for graphical computation tasks but with the increase in the use of machine learning applications, the use of GPUs to perform general-purpose computing has increased in the last few…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-02-16 Asim Ikram , Muhammad Awais Ali , Mirza Omer Beg

As spiking-based deep learning inference applications are increasing in embedded systems, these systems tend to integrate neuromorphic accelerators such as $\mu$Brain to improve energy efficiency. We propose a $\mu$Brain-based scalable…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-11-24 M. Lakshmi Varshika , Adarsha Balaji , Federico Corradi , Anup Das , Jan Stuijt , Francky Catthoor

Machine intelligence, especially using convolutional neural networks (CNNs), has become a large area of research over the past years. Increasingly sophisticated hardware accelerators are proposed that exploit e.g. the sparsity in…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-06-23 Andreas Bytyn , René Ahlsdorf , Rainer Leupers , Gerd Ascheid

Tiny deep learning on microcontroller units (MCUs) is challenging due to the limited memory size. We find that the memory bottleneck is due to the imbalanced memory distribution in convolutional neural network (CNN) designs: the first…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Ji Lin , Wei-Ming Chen , Han Cai , Chuang Gan , Song Han

Neural Turing Machines (NTMs) are an instance of Memory Augmented Neural Networks, a new class of recurrent neural networks which decouple computation from memory by introducing an external memory unit. NTMs have demonstrated superior…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-08-21 Mark Collier , Joeran Beel

This paper investigates the energy savings that near-subthreshold processors can obtain in edge AI applications and proposes strategies to improve them while maintaining the accuracy of the application. The selected processors deploy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-20 Zichao Shen , Neil Howard , Jose Nunez-Yanez

Executing machine learning workloads locally on resource constrained microcontrollers (MCUs) promises to drastically expand the application space of IoT. However, so-called TinyML presents severe technical challenges, as deep neural network…

On-device training of DNNs allows models to adapt and fine-tune to newly collected data or changing domains while deployed on microcontroller units (MCUs). However, DNN training is a resource-intensive task, making the implementation and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Mark Deutel , Frank Hannig , Christopher Mutschler , Jürgen Teich

Recent advancements in machine learning (ML) have enabled its deployment on resource-constrained edge devices, fostering innovative applications such as intelligent environmental sensing. However, these devices, particularly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Yi Hu , Jinhang Zuo , Eddie Zhang , Bob Iannucci , Carlee Joe-Wong

This paper presents an implementation of multilayer feed forward neural networks (NN) to optimize CMOS analog circuits. For modeling and design recently neural network computational modules have got acceptance as an unorthodox and useful…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2012-12-13 Mriganka Chakraborty

Deep neural networks (DNN) have shown superior performance in a variety of tasks. As they rapidly evolve, their escalating computation and memory demands make it challenging to deploy them on resource-constrained edge devices. Though…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Jiaqi Gu , Hanqing Zhu , Chenghao Feng , Mingjie Liu , Zixuan Jiang , Ray T. Chen , David Z. Pan

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) are powerful tools for solving sequence-based problems, but their efficacy and execution time are dependent on the size of the network. Following recent work in simplifying these networks with model pruning…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-04-30 Feiwen Zhu , Jeff Pool , Michael Andersch , Jeremy Appleyard , Fung Xie

Neural networks (NNs) can achieved high performance in various fields such as computer vision, and natural language processing. However, deploying NNs in resource-constrained safety-critical systems has challenges due to uncertainty in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Soyed Tuhin Ahmed

The dedicated memory of hardware accelerators can be insufficient to store all weights and/or intermediate states of large deep learning models. Although model parallelism is a viable approach to reduce the memory pressure issue,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-08-27 Mohamed Wahib , Haoyu Zhang , Truong Thao Nguyen , Aleksandr Drozd , Jens Domke , Lingqi Zhang , Ryousei Takano , Satoshi Matsuoka

Deep Neural Networks (DNN) have achieved human level performance in many image analytics tasks but DNNs are mostly deployed to GPU platforms that consume a considerable amount of power. Brain-inspired spiking neuromorphic chips consume low…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2016-05-26 Antonio Jimeno Yepes , Jianbin Tang