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In the past few years, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have been achieving state-of-the-art performance on a variety of problems. Many companies employ resources and money to generate these models and provide them as an API, therefore…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-10-23 Jacson Rodrigues Correia-Silva , Rodrigo F. Berriel , Claudine Badue , Alberto F. de Souza , Thiago Oliveira-Santos

Model stealing attacks have become a serious concern for deep learning models, where an attacker can steal a trained model by querying its black-box API. This can lead to intellectual property theft and other security and privacy risks. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Kacem Khaled , Mouna Dhaouadi , Felipe Gohring de Magalhães , Gabriela Nicolescu

Many deployed learned models are black boxes: given input, returns output. Internal information about the model, such as the architecture, optimisation procedure, or training data, is not disclosed explicitly as it might contain proprietary…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-02-15 Seong Joon Oh , Max Augustin , Bernt Schiele , Mario Fritz

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are widely used for high-stakes applications like medicine, often surpassing human performance. However, most explanation methods rely on post-hoc attribution, approximating the decision-making process…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Kerol Djoumessi , Philipp Berens

Machine Learning (ML) models are increasingly deployed in the wild to perform a wide range of tasks. In this work, we ask to what extent can an adversary steal functionality of such "victim" models based solely on blackbox interactions:…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-12-10 Tribhuvanesh Orekondy , Bernt Schiele , Mario Fritz

From a simple text prompt, generative-AI image models can create stunningly realistic and creative images bounded, it seems, by only our imagination. These models have achieved this remarkable feat thanks, in part, to the ingestion of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Matyas Bohacek , Hany Farid

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have achieved state-of-the-art results on many visual recognition tasks. However, current CNN models still exhibit a poor ability to be invariant to spatial transformations of images. Intuitively, with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-04 Xu Shen , Xinmei Tian , Anfeng He , Shaoyan Sun , Dacheng Tao

This paper investigates the piracy problem of deep learning models. Designing and training a well-performing model is generally expensive. However, when releasing them, attackers may reverse engineer the models and pirate their design. This…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-06-28 Hui Xu , Yuxin Su , Zirui Zhao , Yangfan Zhou , Michael R. Lyu , Irwin King

Recent advancements in diffusion models have enabled high-fidelity and photorealistic image generation across diverse applications. However, these models also present security and privacy risks, including copyright violations, sensitive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Jiacheng Shi , Yanfu Zhang , Huajie Shao , Ashley Gao

The recent proliferation of photorealistic images created by generative models has sparked both excitement and concern, as these images are increasingly indistinguishable from real ones to the human eye. While offering new creative and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Haoyue Bai , Yiyou Sun , Wei Cheng , Haifeng Chen

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) significantly improve the state-of-the-art for many applications, especially in computer vision. However, CNNs still suffer from a tendency to confidently classify out-distribution samples from unknown…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-10-05 Mahdieh Abbasi , Arezoo Rajabi , Azadeh Sadat Mozafari , Rakesh B. Bobba , Christian Gagne

Deep neural networks provide unprecedented performance in all image classification problems, taking advantage of huge amounts of data available for training. Recent studies, however, have shown their vulnerability to adversarial attacks,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-24 Diego Gragnaniello , Francesco Marra , Giovanni Poggi , Luisa Verdoliva

Robustness of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) has gained in importance on account of adversarial examples, i.e., inputs added as well-designed perturbations that are imperceptible to humans but can cause the model to predict…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Tiange Luo , Tianle Cai , Mengxiao Zhang , Siyu Chen , Di He , Liwei Wang

We study the task of replicating the functionality of black-box neural models, for which we only know the output class probabilities provided for a set of input images. We assume back-propagation through the black-box model is not possible…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-22 Antonio Barbalau , Adrian Cosma , Radu Tudor Ionescu , Marius Popescu

Recent works have shown that deep neural networks are vulnerable to adversarial examples that find samples close to the original image but can make the model misclassify. Even with access only to the model's output, an attacker can employ…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Quang H. Nguyen , Yingjie Lao , Tung Pham , Kok-Seng Wong , Khoa D. Doan

Image captioning is a technology that produces text-based descriptions for an image. Deep learning-based solutions built on top of feature recognition may very well serve the purpose. But as with any other machine learning solution, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Rishi Kesav Mohan , Sanjay Sureshkumar , Vignesh Sivasubramaniam

Deep neural networks are extensively applied to real-world tasks, such as face recognition and medical image classification, where privacy and data protection are critical. Image data, if not protected, can be exploited to infer personal or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-15 Weiheng Chai , Brian Testa , Huantao Ren , Asif Salekin , Senem Velipasalar

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are the cutting edge model for supervised machine learning in computer vision. In recent years CNNs have outperformed traditional approaches in many computer vision tasks such as object detection, image…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2016-03-01 Nitzan Guberman

Deep artificial neural networks have made remarkable progress in different tasks in the field of computer vision. However, the empirical analysis of these models and investigation of their failure cases has received attention recently. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-02-10 Babak Saleh , Ahmed Elgammal , Jacob Feldman

Because of their state-of-the-art performance in computer vision, CNNs are becoming increasingly popular in a variety of fields, including medicine. However, as neural networks are black box function approximators, it is difficult, if not…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-09-12 Pieter Van Molle , Miguel De Strooper , Tim Verbelen , Bert Vankeirsbilck , Pieter Simoens , Bart Dhoedt
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