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A number of direct detection experiments are searching for electron excitations created by scattering of sub-GeV dark matter. We present an alternate formulation of dark matter-electron scattering in terms of the dielectric response of a…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-08-04 Simon Knapen , Jonathan Kozaczuk , Tongyan Lin

We show that the scattering rate for any dark matter (DM) interaction with electrons in any target is proportional to several measurable material properties, encapsulated by a single master formula. This generalizes the dielectric function…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-10-31 Yonit Hochberg , Majed Khalaf , Alessandro Lenoci , Rotem Ovadia

In recent years, a growing experimental program has begun to search for sub-GeV dark matter through its scattering with electrons. An associated theoretical challenge is to compute the dark matter scattering rate in experimental targets,…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-05-25 Robert Lasenby , Anirudh Prabhu

The scattering and absorption rates of light dark matter with electron spin-dependent interactions depend on the target's spin response. We show how this response is encoded by the target's dynamical magnetic susceptibility, which can be…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-08-22 Asher Berlin , Alexander J. Millar , Tanner Trickle , Kevin Zhou

The rate of dark matter-electron scattering depends on the underlying velocity distribution of the dark matter halo. Importantly, dark matter-electron scattering is particularly sensitive to the high-velocity tail, which differs…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-02-17 Aria Radick , Anna-Maria Taki , Tien-Tien Yu

Accurate predictions for dark matter-electron scattering in solids require an all-electron treatment together with a faithful description of dielectric screening beyond simple approximations. In particular, local field effects, arising from…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-03-16 Cyrus Dreyer , Rouven Essig , Marivi Fernandez-Serra , Megan Hott , Aman Singal

Astronomical and cosmological observations indicate that dark matter should interact very weakly with the electromagnetic radiation. Nevertheless, the existence of such interactions is not precluded by observations nor by theoretical…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-03-11 Alejandro Ibarra , Merlin Reichard , Gaurav Tomar

A key strategy for the direct detection of sub-GeV dark matter is to search for small ionization signals. These can arise from dark matter-electron scattering or when the dark matter-nucleus scattering process is accompanied by a "Migdal"…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-02-04 Rouven Essig , Josef Pradler , Mukul Sholapurkar , Tien-Tien Yu

Dark matter (DM)-electron scattering is a prime target of a number of direct DM detection experiments and constitutes a promising avenue for exploring interactions of DM in the sub-GeV mass-range, challenging to probe with nuclear recoils.…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-05-17 Muping Chen , Graciela B. Gelmini , Volodymyr Takhistov

Dark matter in the sub-GeV mass range is a theoretically motivated but largely unexplored paradigm. Such light masses are out of reach for conventional nuclear recoil direct detection experiments, but may be detected through the small…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2016-04-26 Rouven Essig , Marivi Fernandez-Serra , Jeremy Mardon , Adrian Soto , Tomer Volansky , Tien-Tien Yu

We extend the calculation of dark matter direct detection rates via electronic transitions in general dielectric crystal targets, combining state-of-the-art density functional theory calculations of electronic band structures and wave…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-12-01 Sinéad M. Griffin , Katherine Inzani , Tanner Trickle , Zhengkang Zhang , Kathryn M. Zurek

Direct detection experiments utilizing electronic excitations are spearheading the search for light, sub-GeV, dark matter (DM). It is thus crucial to have accurate predictions for any DM-electron interaction rate in this regime. EXCEED-DM…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-03-16 Tanner Trickle

Combining an effective theory description of spin-1/2 dark matter (DM)-electron interactions in materials with linear response theory provides a powerful framework to model the scattering of DM, including in-medium effects, in detectors…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-08-29 Riccardo Catena , Michał Iglicki

We calculate target-material responses for dark matter--electron scattering at the \textit{ab-initio} all-electron level using atom-centered gaussian basis sets. The all-electron effects enhance the material response at high momentum…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-06-28 Cyrus E. Dreyer , Rouven Essig , Marivi Fernandez-Serra , Aman Singal , Cheng Zhen

The scattering of sub-GeV dark matter in direct detection experiments happens at characteristic wavelengths comparable or larger than the interparticle spacing. Collective effects in the target material must therefore be accounted for when…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-08-02 Simon Knapen

One of the next frontiers in dark-matter direct-detection experiments is to explore the MeV to GeV mass regime. Such light dark matter does not carry enough kinetic energy to produce an observable nuclear recoil, but it can scatter off…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-09-11 Samuel K. Lee , Mariangela Lisanti , Siddharth Mishra-Sharma , Benjamin R. Safdi

In this paper, we systematically investigate the general dark matter-electron interactions within the framework of effective field theories (EFT). We consider both the non-relativistic (NR) EFT and the relativistic EFT descriptions of the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-07-23 Jin-Han Liang , Yi Liao , Xiao-Dong Ma , Hao-Lin Wang

Recently, the importance of the electronic many-body effect in the dark matter (DM) detection has been recognized and a coherent formulation of the DM-electron scattering in terms of the dielectric response of the target material has been…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-12-17 Zheng-Liang Liang , Chongjie Mo , Ping Zhang

Sub-GeV dark matter (DM) which interacts with electrons can excite electrons occupying molecular orbitals in a scattering event. In particular, aromatic compounds such as benzene or xylene have an electronic excitation energy of a few eV,…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-03-11 Carlos Blanco , J. I. Collar , Yonatan Kahn , Benjamin Lillard

We use a formalism that describes electron ejections from graphene-like targets by dark matter (DM) scattering for general forms of scalar and spin 1/2 DM-electron interactions in combination with state-of-the-art density functional…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-03-29 Riccardo Catena , Timon Emken , Marek Matas , Nicola A. Spaldin , Einar Urdshals
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