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Measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI-QKD) can provide enhanced security, as compared to traditional QKD, and it constitutes an important framework for a quantum network with an untrusted network server. Still, a key…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-09-04 Feihu Xu

Randomness is fundamental for secure communication and information processing. While continuous-variable optical systems offer an attractive platform for this task, certifying genuine quantum randomness in such setups remains challenging.…

Extracting tomographic information about quantum states is a crucial task in the quest towards devising high-precision quantum devices. Current schemes typically require measurement devices for tomography that are a priori calibrated to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-13 Ingo Roth , Jadwiga Wilkens , Dominik Hangleiter , Jens Eisert

We present a detailed description of a widely applicable mathematical model for quantum key distribution (QKD) systems implementing the measurement-device-independent (MDI) protocol. The model is tested by comparing its predictions with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-05-22 Philip Chan , Joshua A. Slater , Itzel Lucio-Martinez , Allison Rubenok , Wolfgang Tittel

Device-independent quantum information is attracting significant attention, particularly for its applications in information security. This interest arises because the security of device-independent protocols relies solely on the observed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-29 Matteo Padovan , Alessandro Rezzi , Lorenzo Coccia

We propose a reference-frame-independent measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution with uncharacterized quantum bits. We show the security of the protocol. The protocol can also be useful for a channel that has a very low bit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-10-17 Won-Young Hwang

Quantum key distribution promises unconditionally secure communications. However, as practical devices tend to deviate from their specifications, the security of some practical systems is no longer valid. In particular, an adversary can…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-16 Marcos Curty , Feihu Xu , Wei Cui , Charles Ci Wen Lim , Kiyoshi Tamaki , Hoi-Kwong Lo

We show that the entropy of a message can be tested in a device-independent way. Specifically, we consider a prepare-and-measure scenario with classical or quantum communication, and develop two different methods for placing lower bounds on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-09-09 Rafael Chaves , Jonatan Bohr Brask , Nicolas Brunner

While the standard formulation of quantum theory assumes a fixed background causal structure, one can relax this assumption within the so-called process matrix framework. Remarkably, some processes, termed causally nonseparable, are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-29 Hippolyte Dourdent , Alastair A. Abbott , Nicolas Brunner , Ivan Šupić , Cyril Branciard

Device-independent (DI) tests allow to witness and quantify the quantum feature of a system, such as entanglement, without trusting the implementation devices. Although DI test is a powerful tool in many quantum information tasks, it…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-07 Xingjian Zhang , Yunchao Liu , Xiao Yuan

Device-independent certification of quantum states enables the characterization of states within a device under minimal physical assumptions. A major problem in this regard is to certify quantum states using minimal resources. Aiming to…

In quantum information, device-independent protocols offer a new approach to information processing tasks, making minimal assumptions about the devices used. Typically, since these protocols draw conclusions directly from the data collected…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-22 Gelo Noel M. Tabia , Alex Yueh-Ting Shih , Jin-Yuan Zheng , Yeong-Cherng Liang

In contrast with classical physics, in quantum physics some sets of measurements are incompatible in the sense that they can not be performed simultaneously. Among other applications, incompatibility allows for contextuality and Bell…

Quantum measurements on a two-level system can have more than two independent outcomes, and in this case, the measurement cannot be projective. Measurements of this general type are essential to an operational approach to quantum theory,…

Quantum speed limits are usually regarded as fundamental restrictions, constraining the amount of computation that can be achieved within some given time and energy. Complementary to this intuition, here we show that these limitations are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-12 Caroline L. Jones , Albert Aloy , Gerard Higgins , Markus P. Mueller

Device-independent quantum key distribution (QKD) can permit the superior security even with unknown devices. In practice, however, the realization of device-independent QKD is technically challenging because of its low noise tolerance. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-22 Feihu Xu , Yu-Zhe Zhang , Qiang Zhang , Jian-Wei Pan

In the implementation of device-independent quantum key distribution we are interested in maximizing the key rate, i.e. the number of key bits that can be obtained per signal, for a fixed security parameter. In the finite size regime, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-07-25 Gláucia Murta , Suzanne B. van Dam , Jérémy Ribeiro , Ronald Hanson , Stephanie Wehner

Self-testing is a method to characterise an arbitrary quantum system based only on its classical input-output correlations, and plays an important role in device-independent quantum information processing as well as quantum complexity…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-18 Tony Metger , Thomas Vidick

We present a scheme for quantum random-number generation from an untrusted measurement device and a trusted source and demonstrate it experimentally. No assumptions about noise or imperfections in the measurement are required, and the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-26 Kieran Neil Wilkinson , Casper Ahl Breum , Tobias Gehring , Jonatan Bohr Brask

Suppose one wants to certify that a quantum channel is not entanglement-breaking. I consider all four combinations of trusted and untrusted devices at the input and output of the channel, finding that the most interesting is a trusted…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-31 Matthew F. Pusey