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The future 5G systems are getting closer to be a reality. It is envisioned, indeed, that the roll-out of first 5G network will happen around end of 2018 and beginning of 2019. However, there are still a number of issues and problems that…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-11-16 Edgar Ramos , Antonino Orsino

As wireless network technology advances towards the sixth generation (6G), increasing network energy consumption has become a critical concern due to the growing demand for diverse services, radio deployments at various frequencies, larger…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Shuvam Chakraborty , Ahmed Bedewy , Wenjun Li , Navid Abedini

Energy consumption is a significant concern for mobile network operators, and to enable further network energy improvements it is also an important target when developing the emerging 6G standard. In this paper we show that, despite the…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Meysam Masoudi , Milad Ganjalizadeh , Tahar Zanouda , Pal Frenger

Fifth Generation (5G) mobile networks mark a significant shift from previous generations of networks. By introducing a flexible design, 5G networks support highly diverse application requirements. Currently, the landscape of previous…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Rostand A. K. Fezeu , Jason Carpenter , Claudio Fiandrino , Eman Ramadan , Wei Ye , Joerg Widmer , Feng Qian , Zhi-Li Zhang

The ever-increasing demand for unlicensed spectrum has prompted regulators in the US and Europe to consider opening up the 6 GHz bands for unlicensed access. These bands will open up 1.2 GHz of additional spectrum for unlicensed radio…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-07-31 Gaurang Naik , Jung-Min Park , Jonathan Ashdown , William Lehr

Driven by the pursuit of gigabit-per-second data speeds for future 6G mobile networks, in addition to the support of sensing and artificial intelligence applications, the industry is expanding beyond crowded sub-6 GHz bands with innovative…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-10 Ahmad Bazzi , Roberto Bomfin , Marco Mezzavilla , Sundeep Rangan , Theodore Rappaport , Marwa Chafii

New radio technologies for the fifth generation of wireless system have been extensively studied globally. Specifically, air interface protocols for 5G radio access network will be standardized in coming years by 3GPP. Due to its crucial…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-08-21 Honglei Miao , Michael Faerber

This paper presents a partially parallel low-density parity-check (LDPC) decoder designed for the 5G New Radio (NR) standard. The design is using a multi-block parallel architecture with a flooding schedule. The decoder can support any code…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-12 Sina Pourjabar , Gwan S. Choi

As the demand of wireless communication continues to rise, the radio spectrum (a finite resource) requires increasingly efficient utilization. This trend is driving the evolution from static, stand-alone spectrum allocation toward spectrum…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-21 Hao Guo , Ruoyu Sun , Amir Hossein Fahim Raouf , Rahil Gandotra , Jiayu Mao , Mark Poletti

5G New Radio (NR) technology operating in millimeter wave (mmWave) band is expected to be utilized in areas with high and fluctuating traffic demands such as city squares, shopping malls, etc. The latter may result in quality of service…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-06-08 Anastasia Daraseliya , Eduard Sopin , Dmitri Moltchanov , Yevgeni Koucheryavy , Konstantin Samouylov

Next to higher data rates and lower latency, the upcoming fifth-generation mobile network standard will introduce a new service ecosystem. Concepts such as multi-access edge computing or network slicing will enable tailoring service level…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-08-02 Nicolai Spicher , Michael Schweins , Lennart Thielecke , Thomas Kürner , Thomas M. Deserno

The Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has standardized Coverage Enhancement (CE) for Internet-of-Things (IoT) to connect devices in challenging radio conditions with cellular networks. CE is based on the principle of prolonged…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-01-11 Stefan Runeson , Ali Zaidi , Ana Cantarero

Industrial URLLC workloads-coordinated robotics, automated guided vehicles, machine-vision collaboration require sub-5 ms latency and five-nines reliability. In standardized 5G Multicast/Broadcast Services, intra-cell group traffic remains…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Rajendra Paudyal , Rajendra Upadhyay , Al Nahian Bin Emran , Duminda Wijesekera

The fifth generation of cellular technology (5G) delivers faster speeds, lower latency, and improved network service alongside support for a large number of users and a diverse range of verticals. This brings increased complexity to network…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Fatemeh Shafiei Ardestani , Niloy Saha , Noura Limam , Raouf Boutaba

This paper provides an overview of the features of fifth generation (5G) wireless communication systems now being developed for use in the millimeter wave (mmWave) frequency bands. Early results and key concepts of 5G networks are…

Deploying fifth-generation (5G) networks in emerging markets demands a balance between performance targets and constraints in budget, spectrum, and infrastructure. We use MATLAB simulations to quantify how radio and architectural levers -…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-13 Desire Guel , Justin Pegd-Windé Kouraogo , Kouka Kouakou Nakoulma

As the specification of the new 5G NR standard proceeds inside 3GPP, the availability of a versatile, full-stack, End-to-End (E2E), and open source simulator becomes a necessity to extract insights from the recently approved 3GPP…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2019-11-14 Natale Patriciello , Sandra Lagen , Biljana Bojovic , Lorenza Giupponi

New Radio (NR) supports operations at high-frequency bands (e.g., millimeter-wave frequencies) by using narrow beam based directional transmissions to compensate high propagation losses at such frequencies. Due to the limited spatial…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-01-07 Sanjay Goyal , Hussain Elkotby , Ravikumar Pragada , Tanbir Haque

With the massive increase in the popularity of smartphones and mobile data applications demanding bandwidth requiring data rates of the order of Gigabits per second, exploration of untapped frequency spectrum such as millimeter-wave has…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-09 Haneet Kour , Rakesh Kumar Jha

Fifth generation (5G) mobile networks are expected to play an increasing role in industrial communication with private mobile communication networks deployed on company premises. For planning, standardization and product development, it is…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-04-27 Mathis Schmieder , Taro Eichler , Sven Wittig , Michael Peter , Wilhelm Keusgen