English
Related papers

Related papers: Training variational quantum algorithms is NP-hard

200 papers

Variational quantum eigensolver~(VQE) typically optimizes variational parameters in a quantum circuit to prepare eigenstates for a quantum system. Its applications to many problems may involve a group of Hamiltonians, e.g., Hamiltonian of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-19 Zhan-Hao Yuan , Tao Yin , Dan-Bo Zhang

Optimization problems in disciplines such as machine learning are commonly solved with iterative methods. Gradient descent algorithms find local minima by moving along the direction of steepest descent while Newton's method takes into…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-08-20 Patrick Rebentrost , Maria Schuld , Leonard Wossnig , Francesco Petruccione , Seth Lloyd

Using quantum devices supported by classical computational resources is a promising approach to quantum-enabled computation. One example of such a hybrid quantum-classical approach is the variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) built to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-04-12 Jarrod R. McClean , Mollie E. Schwartz , Jonathan Carter , Wibe A. de Jong

Variational quantum algorithms are of special importance in the research on quantum computing applications because of their applicability to current Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices. The main building blocks of these…

Modern Cloud/Edge architectures need to orchestrate multiple layers of heterogeneous computing nodes, including pervasive sensors/actuators, distributed Edge/Fog nodes, centralized data centers and quantum devices. The optimal assignment…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-27 Carlo Mastroianni , Francesco Plastina , Jacopo Settino , Andrea Vinci

Solving linear systems of equations is ubiquitous in all areas of science and engineering. With rapidly growing data sets, such a task can be intractable for classical computers, as the best known classical algorithms require a time…

We consider whether trainable quantum unitaries can be used to discover quantum speed-ups for classical problems. Using methods recently developed for training quantum neural nets, we consider Simon's problem, for which there is a known…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-06-28 Kwok Ho Wan , Feiyang Liu , Oscar Dahlsten , M. S. Kim

Variational quantum machine learning algorithms have been proposed as promising tools for time series prediction, with the potential to handle complex sequential data more effectively than classical approaches. However, their practical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-22 Tobias Fellner , David Kreplin , Samuel Tovey , Christian Holm

We propose an approach to generative quantum machine learning that overcomes the fundamental scaling issues of variational quantum circuits. The core idea is to use a class of generative models based on instantaneous quantum polynomial…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-09 Erik Recio-Armengol , Shahnawaz Ahmed , Joseph Bowles

Binary optimisation tasks are ubiquitous in areas ranging from logistics to cryptography. The exponential complexity of such problems means that the performance of traditional computational methods decreases rapidly with increasing problem…

Quantum Annealing, or Quantum Stochastic Optimization, is a classical randomized algorithm which provides good heuristics for the solution of hard optimization problems. The algorithm, suggested by the behaviour of quantum systems, is an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-07-06 Diego de Falco , Dario Tamascelli

A quantum system will stay near its instantaneous ground state if the Hamiltonian that governs its evolution varies slowly enough. This quantum adiabatic behavior is the basis of a new class of algorithms for quantum computing. We test one…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Edward Farhi , Jeffrey Goldstone , Sam Gutmann , Joshua Lapan , Andrew Lundgren , Daniel Preda

Variational quantum algorithms are a leading candidate for early applications on noisy intermediate-scale quantum computers. These algorithms depend on a classical optimization outer-loop that minimizes some function of a parameterized…

To date, research in quantum computation promises potential for outperforming classical heuristics in combinatorial optimization. However, when aiming at provable optimality, one has to rely on classical exact methods like integer…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-13 Friedrich Wagner , Jonas Nüßlein , Frauke Liers

Quantum computers have the potential of solving certain problems exponentially faster than classical computers. Recently, Harrow, Hassidim and Lloyd proposed a quantum algorithm for solving linear systems of equations: given an $N\times{N}$…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-02-19 Jian Pan , Yudong Cao , Xiwei Yao , Zhaokai Li , Chenyong Ju , Xinhua Peng , Sabre Kais , Jiangfeng Du

Quantum optimization algorithms hold the promise of solving classically hard, discrete optimization problems in practice. The requirement of encoding such problems in a Hamiltonian realized with a finite -- and currently small -- number of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-10 Yifeng Rocky Zhu , David Joseph , Cong Ling , Florian Mintert

Training machine learning models on classical computers is usually a time and compute intensive process. With Moore's law coming to an end and ever increasing demand for large-scale data analysis using machine learning, we must leverage…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-16 Prasanna Date , Davis Arthur , Lauren Pusey-Nazzaro

Quantum computing (QC) has gained popularity due to its unique capabilities that are quite different from that of classical computers in terms of speed and methods of operations. This paper proposes hybrid models and methods that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-11-12 Akshay Ajagekar , Travis Humble , Fengqi You

Hybrid quantum-classical algorithms hold great promise for solving quantum control problems on near-term quantum computers. In this work, we employ the hybrid framework that integrates digital quantum simulation with classical optimization…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-01 Tangyou Huang , Jing-Jun Zhu , Zhong-Yi Ni

The variational quantum eigensolver is one of the most promising algorithms for near-term quantum computers. It has the potential to solve quantum chemistry problems involving strongly correlated electrons, which are otherwise difficult to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-18 Luogen Xu , James K. Freericks