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Label-free optical absorption microscopy techniques have evolved as effective tools for non-invasive chemical specific structural, and functional imaging. Yet most modern label-free microscopy modalities target only a fraction of the…

Here, we demonstrate a simple direct maskless laser-based approach for fabrication of back-reflector-coupled plasmonic nanorings arrays. The approach is based on delicate ablation of an upper metal film of a metal-insulator-metal (MIM)…

Laser resonators have outputs with Gaussian spatial beam profiles. In laser interference lithography (LIL), using such Gaussian shaped beams leads to an inhomogeneous exposure of the substrate. As a result, dimensions of lithography defined…

Since the advent of x-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs), considerable efforts have been devoted to achieve x-ray pulses with better temporal coherence. Here, we put forward a scheme to generate fully coherent x-ray lasers (XRLs) based on…

The short pulses of X-ray free electron lasers can produce diffraction patterns with structural information before radiation damage destroys the particle. The particles are injected into the beam in random orientations and they should be…

Ultra-short ultra-intense laser provides unprecedented experimental tools and extreme physical conditions to explore frontier secrets of nature. Recently, multistep pulse compressor (MPC) was proposed to break through the limitation of the…

POLAR is a novel compact Compton X-ray polarimeter designed to measure the linear polarization of the prompt emission of Gamma Ray Bursts (GRB) and other strong transient sources such as soft gamma repeaters and solar flares in the energy…

An electron plasma lens is a cost-effective, compact, strong-focusing element that can ensure efficient capture of low-energy proton and ion beams from laser-driven sources. A Gabor lens prototype was built for high electron density…

Dual-energy X-ray tomography is considered in a context where the target under imaging consists of two distinct materials. The materials are assumed to be possibly intertwined in space, but at any given location there is only one material…

Compact radio sources have been observed to undergo large, frequency dependent changes in intensity due to lensing by structures in the interstellar medium, in so-called "extreme scattering events" (ESEs). While the study of astrophysical…

For reconstruction of the spatial structure of many-component objects, it is proposed to use multi-radiography with detection of X-ray by combined detector arrays using detectors of ``scintillator-photodiode'' type. A theoretical model has…

Motivated by their great potential to reduce the size, cost and weight, flat lenses, a category that includes diffractive lenses and metalenses, are rapidly emerging as key components with the potential to replace the traditional refractive…

In the field of beam physics, two frontier topics have taken center stage due to their potential to enable new approaches to discovery in a wide swath of science. These areas are: advanced, high gradient acceleration techniques, and x-ray…

During the past decade, the interaction of high-intensity lasers with solid targets has attracted much interest, regarding its potential in accelerating charged particles. In spite of tremendous progress in laser-plasma based acceleration,…

Serial diffraction of proteins requires an injection method to deliver protein molecules - preferably uncharged, fully hydrated, spatially oriented, and with high flux - into the crossed beams of an alignment laser and a focused probe beam…

Betatron x-ray sources from laser-plasma accelerators combine compactness, high peak brightness, femtosecond pulse duration and broadband spectrum. However, when produced with Terawatt class lasers, their energy was so far restricted to a…

X-ray diffraction was demonstrated from shock-compressed polycrystalline metal on nanosecond time scales. Laser ablation was used to induce shock waves in polycrystalline foils of Be, 25 to 125 microns thick. A second laser pulse was used…

Random lasers (RLs) are intriguing devices with promising applications as light sources for imaging, sensing, super resolution spectral analysis or complex networks engineering. RLs can be obtained from optically pumped dyes, optical fibers…

An extraordinarily efficient mechanism, operating at high laser intensities and powers, is identified for spectral transferring huge laser energies to shorter ultraviolet and x-ray wavelengths. With megajoule laser energies currently…

Active plasma lensing is a compact technology for strong focusing of charged particle beams, which has gained considerable interest for use in novel accelerator schemes. While providing kT/m focusing gradients, active plasma lenses can have…