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The verification of multimedia content over social media is one of the challenging and crucial issues in the current scenario and gaining prominence in an age where user-generated content and online social web platforms are the leading…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2021-09-22 Deepika Varshney , Dinesh Kumar Vishwakarma

Multimodal out-of-context (OOC) misinformation is misinformation that repurposes real images with unrelated or misleading captions. Detecting such misinformation is challenging because it requires resolving the context of the claim before…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Sharad Duwal , Mir Nafis Sharear Shopnil , Abhishek Tyagi , Adiba Mahbub Proma

The rapid growth of social media has resulted in an explosion of online news content, leading to a significant increase in the spread of misleading or false information. While machine learning techniques have been widely applied to detect…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Hao Chen , Hui Guo , Baochen Hu , Shu Hu , Jinrong Hu , Siwei Lyu , Xi Wu , Xin Wang

Cheapfake is a recently coined term that encompasses non-AI (``cheap'') manipulations of multimedia content. Cheapfakes are known to be more prevalent than deepfakes. Cheapfake media can be created using editing software for image/video…

Deep neural networks have achieved great successes on the image captioning task. However, most of the existing models depend heavily on paired image-sentence datasets, which are very expensive to acquire. In this paper, we make the first…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-09 Yang Feng , Lin Ma , Wei Liu , Jiebo Luo

Unsupervised image captioning is a challenging task that aims at generating captions without the supervision of image-sentence pairs, but only with images and sentences drawn from different sources and object labels detected from the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-02 Ukyo Honda , Yoshitaka Ushiku , Atsushi Hashimoto , Taro Watanabe , Yuji Matsumoto

We propose a new paradigm to automatically generate training data with accurate labels at scale using the text-to-image synthesis frameworks (e.g., DALL-E, Stable Diffusion, etc.). The proposed approach1 decouples training data generation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-13 Yunhao Ge , Jiashu Xu , Brian Nlong Zhao , Neel Joshi , Laurent Itti , Vibhav Vineet

While image-text representation learning has become very popular in recent years, existing models tend to lack spatial awareness and have limited direct applicability for dense understanding tasks. For this reason, self-supervised…

State-of-the-art approaches for image captioning require supervised training data consisting of captions with paired image data. These methods are typically unable to use unsupervised data such as textual data with no corresponding images,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-06-27 Wenhu Chen , Aurelien Lucchi , Thomas Hofmann

Misinformation is a prevalent societal issue due to its potential high risks. Out-of-context (OOC) misinformation, where authentic images are repurposed with false text, is one of the easiest and most effective ways to mislead audiences.…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Peng Qi , Zehong Yan , Wynne Hsu , Mong Li Lee

We present a new approach to evaluate computational models for the task of text understanding by the means of out-of-context error detection. Through the novel design of our automated modification process, existing large-scale data sources…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-03-28 Patrick Huber , Jan Niehues , Alex Waibel

With the rapid development of generative models, detecting generated fake images to prevent their malicious use has become a critical issue recently. Existing methods frame this challenge as a naive binary image classification task.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Daichi Zhang , Tong Zhang , Jianmin Bao , Shiming Ge , Sabine Süsstrunk

Recent advancements in diffusion models have enabled the generation of realistic deepfakes from textual prompts in natural language. While these models have numerous benefits across various sectors, they have also raised concerns about the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-22 Roberto Amoroso , Davide Morelli , Marcella Cornia , Lorenzo Baraldi , Alberto Del Bimbo , Rita Cucchiara

Image captioning is a task in the field of Artificial Intelligence that merges between computer vision and natural language processing. It is responsible for generating legends that describe images, and has various applications like…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-29 Ahmed Elhagry , Karima Kadaoui

Image captioning requires numerous annotated image-text pairs, resulting in substantial annotation costs. Recently, large models (e.g. diffusion models and large language models) have excelled in producing high-quality images and text. This…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Feipeng Ma , Yizhou Zhou , Fengyun Rao , Yueyi Zhang , Xiaoyan Sun

We introduce a new multi-modal task for computer systems, posed as a combined vision-language comprehension challenge: identifying the most suitable text describing a scene, given several similar options. Accomplishing the task entails…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-12-26 Nan Ding , Sebastian Goodman , Fei Sha , Radu Soricut

Although image captioning models have made significant advancements in recent years, the majority of them heavily depend on high-quality datasets containing paired images and texts which are costly to acquire. Previous works leverage the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Zhiyue Liu , Jinyuan Liu , Fanrong Ma

The rapid spread of information through mobile devices and media has led to the widespread of false or deceptive news, causing significant concerns in society. Among different types of misinformation, image repurposing, also known as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Huanhuan Ma , Jinghao Zhang , Qiang Liu , Shu Wu , Liang Wang

Image captioning is one of the straightforward tasks that can take advantage of large-scale web-crawled data which provides rich knowledge about the visual world for a captioning model. However, since web-crawled data contains image-text…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-28 Wooyoung Kang , Jonghwan Mun , Sungjun Lee , Byungseok Roh

Recently, Deep Learning (DL) methods have shown an excellent performance in image captioning and visual question answering. However, despite their performance, DL methods do not learn the semantics of the words that are being used to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-05 Leonardo Anjoletto Ferreira , Douglas De Rizzo Meneghetti , Paulo Eduardo Santos