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Accurately counting cells in microscopic images is important for medical diagnoses and biological studies, but manual cell counting is very tedious, time-consuming, and prone to subjective errors, and automatic counting can be less accurate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-03-25 Shenghua He , Kyaw Thu Minn , Lilianna Solnica-Krezel , Mark Anastasio , Hua Li

In recent years, deep learning (DL) approaches have demonstrated promising results in decoding hemodynamic responses captured by functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), particularly in the context of brain-computer interface (BCI)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Behtom Adeli , John Mclinden , Pankaj Pandey , Ming Shao , Yalda Shahriari

In massive multi-input multi-output (MIMO) systems, the main bottlenecks of location- and orientation-assisted beam alignment using deep neural networks (DNNs) are large training overhead and significant performance degradation. This paper…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-21 Yuzhu Lei , Qiqi Xiao , Yinghui He , Guanding Yu

In the field of pattern recognition research, the method of using deep neural networks based on improved computing hardware recently attracted attention because of their superior accuracy compared to conventional methods. Deep neural…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-09-27 Kyongsik Yun , Alexander Huyen , Thomas Lu

Deep learning has shown promising results in medical image analysis, however, the lack of very large annotated datasets confines its full potential. Although transfer learning with ImageNet pre-trained classification models can alleviate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-08-16 Ken C. L. Wong , Tanveer Syeda-Mahmood , Mehdi Moradi

Nonlinear methods such as Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are the gold standard for various challenging machine learning problems, e.g., image classification, natural language processing or human action recognition. Although these methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-15 Grégoire Montavon , Sebastian Bach , Alexander Binder , Wojciech Samek , Klaus-Robert Müller

In this survey paper, we analyze image based graph neural networks and propose a three-step classification approach. We first convert the image into superpixels using the Quickshift algorithm so as to reduce 30% of the input data. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-14 Usman Nazir , He Wang , Murtaza Taj

We present surface normal estimation using a single near infrared (NIR) image. We are focusing on fine-scale surface geometry captured with an uncalibrated light source. To tackle this ill-posed problem, we adopt a generative adversarial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-03-25 Youngjin Yoon , Gyeongmin Choe , Namil Kim , Joon-Young Lee , In So Kweon

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is one of the most common imaging modalities to investigate brain functions. Recent studies in neuroscience stress the great potential of functional brain networks constructed from fMRI data for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Xuan Kan , Hejie Cui , Joshua Lukemire , Ying Guo , Carl Yang

Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is impacted by signal contamination from superficial hemodynamics. It is important to develop methods that account for such contamination and provide accurate measurements of cerebral…

Medical Physics · Physics 2026-03-27 Jodee Frias , Giles Blaney , Angelo Sassaroli , Sergio Fantini

Deep learning methods for classifying medical images have demonstrated impressive accuracy in a wide range of tasks but often these models are hard to interpret, limiting their applicability in clinical practice. In this work we introduce a…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-08-13 James R. Clough , Ilkay Oksuz , Esther Puyol-Anton , Bram Ruijsink , Andrew P. King , Julia A. Schnabel

We develop a minimax rate analysis to describe the reason that deep neural networks (DNNs) perform better than other standard methods. For nonparametric regression problems, it is well known that many standard methods attain the minimax…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-02-09 Masaaki Imaizumi , Kenji Fukumizu

Neural Architecture Search (NAS) has emerged as a key tool in identifying optimal configurations of deep neural networks tailored to specific tasks. However, training and assessing numerous architectures introduces considerable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-25 Haoming Zhang , Ran Cheng

IR or near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy is a method used to identify a compound or to analyze the composition of a material. Calibration of NIR spectra refers to the use of the spectra as multivariate descriptors to predict concentrations of…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2015-03-19 A. Ukil , J. Bernasconi , H. Braendle , H. Buijs , S. Bonenfant

Deep learning models have the capacity to fundamentally revolutionize medical imaging analysis, and they have particularly interesting applications in computer-aided diagnosis. We attempt to use deep learning neural networks to diagnose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-24 Rohit Jammula , Vishnu Rajan Tejus , Shreya Shankar

In recent years, neuroscientists have been interested to the development of brain-computer interface (BCI) devices. Patients with motor disorders may benefit from BCIs as a means of communication and for the restoration of motor functions.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-23 Zaineb Ajra , Binbin Xu , Gérard Dray , Jacky Montmain , Stephane Perrey

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are a framework for graph representation learning, where a model learns to generate low dimensional node embeddings that encapsulate structural and feature-related information. GNNs are usually trained in an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-15 Davide Buffelli , Fabio Vandin

Machine learning-based approaches outperform competing methods in most disciplines relevant to diagnostic radiology. Interventional radiology, however, has not yet benefited substantially from the advent of deep learning, in particular…

Deep neural network (DNN) models have demonstrated impressive performance in various domains, yet their application in cognitive neuroscience is limited due to their lack of interpretability. In this study we employ two structurally…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-04 Murat Kucukosmanoglu , Javier O. Garcia , Justin Brooks , Kanika Bansal

We propose a novel technique for faster deep neural network training which systematically applies sample-based approximation to the constituent tensor operations, i.e., matrix multiplications and convolutions. We introduce new sampling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-27 Menachem Adelman , Kfir Y. Levy , Ido Hakimi , Mark Silberstein