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Dual-encoder-based dense retrieval models have become the standard in IR. They employ large Transformer-based language models, which are notoriously inefficient in terms of resources and latency. We propose Fast-Forward indexes -- vector…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-11-03 Jurek Leonhardt , Henrik Müller , Koustav Rudra , Megha Khosla , Abhijit Anand , Avishek Anand

In information retrieval, large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable potential in text reranking tasks by leveraging their sophisticated natural language understanding and advanced reasoning capabilities. However,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Haowei Liu , Xuyang Wu , Guohao Sun , Zhiqiang Tao , Yi Fang

Generative models, such as GPT-2, have demonstrated impressive results recently. A fundamental question we'd like to address is: where did the generated text come from? This work is our initial effort toward answering the question by using…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-20 Jieh-Sheng Lee , Jieh Hsiang

In this paper, we introduce Rank-R1, a novel LLM-based reranker that performs reasoning over both the user query and candidate documents before performing the ranking task. Existing document reranking methods based on large language models…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Shengyao Zhuang , Xueguang Ma , Bevan Koopman , Jimmy Lin , Guido Zuccon

Query expansion is an effective approach for mitigating vocabulary mismatch between queries and documents in information retrieval. One recent line of research uses language models to generate query-related contexts for expansion. Along…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Linqing Liu , Minghan Li , Jimmy Lin , Sebastian Riedel , Pontus Stenetorp

We focus on Text-to-SQL semantic parsing from the perspective of retrieval-augmented generation. Motivated by challenges related to the size of commercial database schemata and the deployability of business intelligence solutions, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Zhili Shen , Pavlos Vougiouklis , Chenxin Diao , Kaustubh Vyas , Yuanyi Ji , Jeff Z. Pan

While large pre-trained language models accumulate a lot of knowledge in their parameters, it has been demonstrated that augmenting it with non-parametric retrieval-based memory has a number of benefits from accuracy improvements to data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-23 Vivek Gupta , Akshat Shrivastava , Adithya Sagar , Armen Aghajanyan , Denis Savenkov

Two step document ranking, where the initial retrieval is done by a classical information retrieval method, followed by neural re-ranking model, is the new standard. The best performance is achieved by using transformer-based models as…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-09-22 Ivan Sekulić , Amir Soleimani , Mohammad Aliannejadi , Fabio Crestani

Large-scale text retrieval technology has been widely used in various practical business scenarios. This paper presents our systems for the TREC 2022 Deep Learning Track. We explain the hybrid text retrieval and multi-stage text ranking…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-08-24 Guangwei Xu , Yangzhao Zhang , Longhui Zhang , Dingkun Long , Pengjun Xie , Ruijie Guo

Using sequence to sequence algorithms for query expansion has not been explored yet in Information Retrieval literature nor in Question-Answering's. We tried to fill this gap in the literature with a custom Query Expansion engine trained…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2018-12-27 Salah Zaiem , Fatiha Sadat

In this paper, we propose to boost low-resource cross-lingual document retrieval performance with deep bilingual query-document representations. We match queries and documents in both source and target languages with four components, each…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-11 Rui Zhang , Caitlin Westerfield , Sungrok Shim , Garrett Bingham , Alexander Fabbri , Neha Verma , William Hu , Dragomir Radev

In learning-to-rank for information retrieval, a ranking model is automatically learned from the data and then utilized to rank the sets of retrieved documents. Therefore, an ideal ranking model would be a mapping from a document set to a…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-05-08 Liang Pang , Jun Xu , Qingyao Ai , Yanyan Lan , Xueqi Cheng , Jirong Wen

Composed image retrieval aims to find an image that best matches a given multi-modal user query consisting of a reference image and text pair. Existing methods commonly pre-compute image embeddings over the entire corpus and compare these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Zheyuan Liu , Weixuan Sun , Damien Teney , Stephen Gould

Pre-trained code models have emerged as the state-of-the-art paradigm for code search tasks. The paradigm involves pre-training the model on search-irrelevant tasks such as masked language modeling, followed by the fine-tuning stage, which…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Hande Dong , Jiayi Lin , Yanlin Wang , Yichong Leng , Jiawei Chen , Yutao Xie

We present an analysis of large-scale pretrained deep learning models used for cross-modal (text-to-audio) retrieval. We use embeddings extracted by these models in a metric learning framework to connect matching pairs of audio and text.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-10-07 Benno Weck , Miguel Pérez Fernández , Holger Kirchhoff , Xavier Serra

We introduce Rank1, the first reranking model trained to take advantage of test-time compute. Rank1 demonstrates the applicability within retrieval of using a reasoning language model (i.e. OpenAI's o1, Deepseek's R1, etc.) for distillation…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Orion Weller , Kathryn Ricci , Eugene Yang , Andrew Yates , Dawn Lawrie , Benjamin Van Durme

Establishing retrieval-based dialogue systems that can select appropriate responses from the pre-built index has gained increasing attention from researchers. For this task, the adoption of pre-trained language models (such as BERT) has led…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-04 Chongyang Tao , Jiazhan Feng , Chang Liu , Juntao Li , Xiubo Geng , Daxin Jiang

Dual-target therapeutic strategies have become a compelling approach and attracted significant attention due to various benefits, such as their potential in overcoming drug resistance in cancer therapy. Considering the tremendous success…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Xiangxin Zhou , Jiaqi Guan , Yijia Zhang , Xingang Peng , Liang Wang , Jianzhu Ma

We present a deep hierarchical recurrent neural network for sequence tagging. Given a sequence of words, our model employs deep gated recurrent units on both character and word levels to encode morphology and context information, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-08-10 Zhilin Yang , Ruslan Salakhutdinov , William Cohen

While language models have shown remarkable performance across diverse tasks, they still encounter challenges in complex reasoning scenarios. Recent research suggests that language models trained on linearized search traces toward…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Seungyong Moon , Bumsoo Park , Hyun Oh Song