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Quantization enables efficient deployment of large language models (LLMs) in resource-constrained environments by significantly reducing memory and computation costs. While quantized LLMs often maintain performance on perplexity and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Yao Fu , Xianxuan Long , Runchao Li , Haotian Yu , Mu Sheng , Xiaotian Han , Yu Yin , Pan Li

Leakage errors, in which a qubit is excited to a level outside the qubit subspace, represent a significant obstacle in the development of robust quantum computers. We present a computationally efficient simulation methodology for studying…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-22 Hidetaka Manabe , Yasunari Suzuki , Andrew S. Darmawan

Characterizing the minimal communication needed for the quantum channel simulation is a fundamental task in the quantum information theory. In this paper, we show that, in fidelity, the quantum channel simulation can be directly achieved…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-25 Michael X. Cao , Rahul Jain , Marco Tomamichel

We present two measures of distance between quantum processes based on the superfidelity, introduced recently to provide an upper bound for quantum fidelity. We show that the introduced measures partially fulfill the requirements for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-01-26 Zbigniew Puchała , Jarosław Adam Miszczak , Piotr Gawron , Bartłomiej Gardas

We study a classical model for the accumulation of errors in multi-qubit quantum computations. By modeling the error process in a quantum computation using two coupled Markov chains, we are able to capture a weak form of time-dependency…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-26 Long Ma , Jaron Sanders

By considering correlations between classical orbits we derive semiclassical expressions for the decay of the quantum fidelity amplitude for classically chaotic quantum systems, as well as for its squared modulus, the fidelity or Loschmidt…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2013-05-29 Boris Gutkin , Daniel Waltner , Martha Gutierrez , Jack Kuipers , Klaus Richter

Computation Tree Logic (CTL) is one of the central formalisms in formal verification. As a specification language, it is used to express a property that the system at hand is expected to satisfy. From both the verification and the system…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-07-06 Renyan Feng , Erman Acar , Stefan Schlobach , Yisong Wang , Wanwei Liu

We demonstrate the quantum fidelity approach for exploring and mapping out quantum phases. As a simple model exhibiting a number of distinct quantum phases, we consider the alternating-bond Ising chain using the infinite time evolving block…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-08-07 Hai Tao Wang , Sam Young Cho , Murray T. Batchelor

Accurately quantifying a large language model's (LLM) predictive uncertainty is crucial for judging the reliability of its answers. While most existing research focuses on short, directly answerable questions with closed-form outputs (e.g.,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Yinghao Li , Rushi Qiang , Lama Moukheiber , Chao Zhang

We study frequency linear-time temporal logic (fLTL) which extends the linear-time temporal logic (LTL) with a path operator $G^p$ expressing that on a path, certain formula holds with at least a given frequency p, thus relaxing the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-06-29 Vojtěch Forejt , Jan Krčál

Estimating the fidelity with a target state is important in quantum information tasks. Many fidelity estimation techniques present a suitable measurement scheme to perform the estimation. In contrast, we present techniques that allow the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-12 Akshay Seshadri , Martin Ringbauer , Jacob Spainhour , Thomas Monz , Stephen Becker

In this paper, we study the trade-off between reliability and latency in machine type communication (MTC), which consists of single transmitter and receiver in the presence of Rayleigh fading channel. We assume that the transmitter does not…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-03-26 Fahad Qasmi , Mohammad Shehab , Hirley Alves , Matti Latva-aho

Quantum computers will require encoding of quantum information to protect them from noise. Fault-tolerant quantum computing architectures illustrate how this might be done but have not yet shown a conclusive practical advantage. Here we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-03-01 Robin Harper , Steven T. Flammia

As quantum error correction (QEC) experiments continue to make rapid progress, there is increased interest in designing experiments with guarantees of logical performance. At present, one difficulty is the lack of a clear connection between…

We establish fundamental and general techniques for formal verification of quantum protocols. Quantum protocols are novel communication schemes involving the use of quantum-mechanical phenomena for representation, storage and transmission…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Simon Gay , Rajagopal Nagarajan , Nikolaos Papanikolaou

We propose a fidelity measure for quantum channels in a straightforward analogy to the corresponding mixed-state fidelity of Jozsa. We describe properties of this fidelity measure and discuss some applications of it to quantum information…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Maxim Raginsky

Fidelity estimation is a critical yet resource-intensive step in testing quantum programs on noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices, where the required number of measurements is difficult to predefine due to hardware noise, device…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-22 Tingting Li , Ziming Zhao , Jianwei Yin

Quantum machine learning (QML) is an emerging field that promises advantages such as faster training, improved reliability and superior feature extraction over classical counterparts. However, its implementation on quantum hardware is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-19 Eromanga Adermann , Hajime Suzuki , Muhammad Usman

We investigate a scheme of fault-tolerant quantum computation based on the cluster model. Logical qubits are encoded by a suitable code such as the Steane's 7-qubit code. Cluster states of logical qubits are prepared by post-selection…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Keisuke Fujii , Katsuji Yamamoto

A new method for simulation of a binary homogeneous Markov process using a quantum computer was proposed. This new method allows using the distinguished properties of the quantum mechanical systems -- superposition, entanglement and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-12 Petar Nikolov