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The streaming instability is an efficient method for overcoming the barriers to planet formation in protoplanetary discs. The streaming instability has been extensively modelled by hydrodynamic simulations of gas and a single dust size.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-19 Jip Matthijsse , Hossam Aly , Sijme-Jan Paardekooper

Streaming instability is a powerful mechanism which concentrates dust grains in pro- toplanetary discs, eventually up to the stage where they collapse gravitationally and form planetesimals. Previous studies inferred that it should be…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-11-01 Jérémy Auffinger , Guillaume Laibe

The streaming instability is a promising mechanism to induce the formation of planetesimals. Nonetheless, this process has been found in previous studies to require either a dust-to-gas surface density ratio or a dust size that is enhanced…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-10-19 Urs Schäfer , Anders Johansen

We develop simple, physically motivated models for drag-induced dust-gas streaming instabilities, which are thought to be crucial for clumping grains to form planetesimals in protoplanetary disks. The models explain, based on the physics of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-08-19 Jonathan Squire , Philip F. Hopkins

Planet formation via core accretion requires the production of km-sized planetesimals from cosmic dust. This process must overcome barriers to simple collisional growth, for which the Streaming Instability (SI) is often invoked. Dust…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-01-27 Colin P. McNally , Francesco Lovascio , Sijme-Jan Paardekooper

The streaming instability is thought to play a central role in the early stages of planet formation by enabling the efficient bypass of a number of barriers hindering the formation of planetesimals. We present the first study exploring the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-06-19 Leonardo Krapp , Pablo Benítez-Llambay , Oliver Gressel , Martin E. Pessah

We revisit, via a very simplified set of equations, a linear streaming instability (technically an overstability), which is present in, and potentially important for, dusty protoplanetary disks (Youdin & Goodman 2005). The goal is a better…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-28 Emmanuel Jacquet , Steven A. Balbus , Henrik N. Latter

Dust grains embedded in gas flow give rise to a class of hydrodynamic instabilities, called resonant drag instabilities. These instabilities have predominantly been studied for single grain sizes, in which case they are found to grow fast.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-05-07 Sijme-Jan Paardekooper , Hossam Aly

The streaming instability is a fundamental process that can drive dust-gas dynamics and ultimately planetesimal formation in protoplanetary discs. As a linear instability, it has been shown that its growth with a distribution of dust sizes…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-10-20 Chao-Chin Yang , Zhaohuan Zhu

Under the right conditions, the streaming instability between imperfectly coupled dust and gas is a powerful mechanism for planetesimal formation as it can concentrate dust grains to the point of gravitational collapse. In its simplest…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-02-04 Min-Kai Lin

The streaming instability is a leading candidate mechanism to explain the formation of planetesimals. Yet, the role of this instability in the driving of turbulence in protoplanetary disks, given its fundamental nature as a linear…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-04-08 Urs Schäfer , Anders Johansen , Robi Banerjee

The streaming instability, a promising mechanism to drive planetesimal formation in dusty protoplanetary discs, relies on aerodynamic drag naturally induced by the background radial pressure gradient. This gradient should vary in disks, but…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-09 Stanley A. Baronett , Chao-Chin Yang , Zhaohuan Zhu

The streaming instability is one of the most promising pathways to the formation of planetesimals from pebbles. Understanding how this instability operates under realistic conditions expected in protoplanetary disks is therefore crucial to…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-02-16 Min-Kai Lin , Chun-Yen Hsu

Recent study suggests that the streaming instability, one of the leading mechanisms for driving the formation of planetesimals, may not be as efficient as previously thought. Under some disc conditions, the growth timescale of the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-12-02 Zhaohuan Zhu , Chao-Chin Yang

We identify and study a number of new, rapidly growing instabilities of dust grains in protoplanetary disks, which may be important for planetesimal formation. The study is based on the recognition that dust-gas mixtures are generically…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-04-18 Jonathan Squire , Philip F. Hopkins

The vertical shear instability and the streaming instability are two robust sources of turbulence in protoplanetary disks. The former has been found to induce anisotropic turbulence that is stronger in the vertical than in the radial…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-01-15 Urs Schäfer , Anders Johansen , Mario Flock

We present numerical simulations of dust clumping and planetesimal formation initiated by the streaming instability with self-gravity. We examine the variability in the planetesimal formation process by employing simulation domains with…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-11-04 Josef Rucska , James Wadsley

The streaming instability is a promising mechanism to overcome the barriers in direct dust growth and lead to the formation of planetesimals. Most previous studies of the streaming instability, however, were focused on a local region of a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-22 Chao-Chin Yang , Anders Johansen

The streaming instability is a leading mechanism for concentrating solids and initiating planetesimal formation in protoplanetary disks. Although numerous studies have explored its linear growth, nonlinear evolution, and implications for…

The streaming instability is a popular candidate for planetesimal formation by concentrating dust particles to trigger gravitational collapse. However, its robustness against physical conditions expected in protoplanetary disks is unclear.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-03-25 Kan Chen , Min-Kai Lin
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