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The straintronic magnetic tunnel junction (s-MTJ) is an MTJ whose resistance state can be changed continuously or gradually from high to low with a gate voltage that generates strain the magnetostrictive soft layer. This unusual feature,…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-03-04 Supriyo Bandyopadhyay

We propose a novel spin-orbit torque (SOT) driven and voltage-gated domain wall motion (DWM)-based MTJ device and its application in neuromorphic computing. We show that by utilizing the voltage-controlled gating effect on the DWM, the…

Applied Physics · Physics 2022-12-20 Aijaz H Lone , Hanrui Li , Nazek El-Atab , Xiaohang Li , Hossein Fariborzi

Energy-efficient methods are addressed for leveraging low energy barrier nanomagnetic devices within neuromorphic architectures. Using a Magnetoresistive Random Access Memory (MRAM) probabilistic device (p-bit) as the basis of neuronal…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2020-05-06 Hossein Pourmeidani , Punyashloka Debashis , Zhihong Chen , Ronald F. DeMara , Ramtin Zand

Spintronic rf detectors were demonstrated, recently, for energy harvesting and wireless communication at low input power. Here we report on the optimization of the rectified output dc voltage using magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJ) with…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-01-26 A. Sidi El Valli , V. Iurchuk , G. Lezier , I. Bendjeddou , R. Lebrun , N. Lamard , A. Litvinenko , J. Langer , J. Wrona , L. Vila , R. Sousa , I. L. Prejbeanu , B. Dieny , U. Ebels

Event-based neuromorphic systems provide a low-power solution by using artificial neurons and synapses to process data asynchronously in the form of spikes. Ferroelectric Tunnel Junctions (FTJs) are ultra low-power memory devices and are…

Spintronic devices based on domain wall (DW) motion through ferromagnetic nanowire tracks have received great interest as components of neuromorphic information processing systems. Previous proposals for spintronic artificial neurons…

Biological neural networks are capable of recruiting different sets of neurons to encode different memories. However, when training artificial neural networks on a set of tasks, typically, no mechanism is employed for selectively producing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-17 Matthew J. Tilley , Michelle Miller , David J. Freedman

Magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJ) have been successfully applied in various sensing application and digital information storage technologies. Currently, a number of new potential applications of MTJs are being actively studied, including…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2021-02-09 Piotr Rzeszut , Jakub Chęciński , Ireneusz Brzozowski , Sławomir Ziętek , Witold Skowroński , Tomasz Stobiecki

Recent years have witnessed growing interest in the use of Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) for vision, classification, and inference problems. An artificial neuron sums N weighted inputs and passes the result through a non-linear transfer…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2016-11-18 Deliang Fan , Yong Shim , Anand Raghunathan , Kaushik Roy

Magnetic domain wall motion has recently garnered significant interest as a physical mechanism to enable energy-efficient, next-generation brain-inspired computing architectures. However, realizing all behaviors required for neuromorphic…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-08-21 Jeffrey A. Brock , Aleksandr Kurenkov , Aleš Hrabec , Laura J. Heyderman

The magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) is a backbone device for spintronics. Realizing next generation energy efficient MTJs will require operating mechanisms beyond the standard means of applying magnetic fields or large electrical currents.…

Synaptic memory is considered to be the main element responsible for learning and cognition in humans. Although traditionally non-volatile long-term plasticity changes have been implemented in nanoelectronic synapses for neuromorphic…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2017-12-20 Abhronil Sengupta , Kaushik Roy

Electric-field control of spin states offers a promising route to ultra-low-power, ultra-fast magnetization switching in spintronic devices such as magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs). Recent progress in modulating spin-orbit interactions at…

Metamaterials present the possibility of artificially generating advanced functionalities through engineering of their internal structure. Artificial spin networks, in which a large number of nanoscale magnetic elements are coupled…

Neuromorphic computing uses brain-inspired principles to design circuits that can perform computational tasks with superior power efficiency to conventional computers. Approaches that use traditional electronic devices to create artificial…

Applied Physics · Physics 2020-07-14 J. Grollier , D. Querlioz , K. Y. Camsari , K. Everschor-Sitte , S. Fukami , M. D. Stiles

Spintronic artificial neurons are intriguing building blocks for energy efficient Neuromorphic Computing (NC). Nevertheless, most contemporary implementations rely on symmetry breaking external in plane magnetic fields (H_X) for neuron…

Stochastic diffusion processes are pervasive in nature, from the seemingly erratic Brownian motion to the complex interactions of synaptically-coupled spiking neurons. Recently, drawing inspiration from Langevin dynamics, neuromorphic…

One of the big challenges of current electronics is the design and implementation of hardware neural networks that perform fast and energy-efficient machine learning. Spintronics is a promising catalyst for this field with the capabilities…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-01-17 Jan Kaiser , William A. Borders , Kerem Y. Camsari , Shunsuke Fukami , Hideo Ohno , Supriyo Datta

Conventional von-Neumann computing models have achieved remarkable feats for the past few decades. However, they fail to deliver the required efficiency for certain basic tasks like image and speech recognition when compared to biological…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2017-11-27 Akhilesh Jaiswal , Amogh Agrawal , Priyadarshini Panda , Kaushik Roy

The desire to empower resource-limited edge devices with computer vision (CV) must overcome the high energy consumption of collecting and processing vast sensory data. To address the challenge, this work proposes an energy-efficient…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Md Abdullah-Al Kaiser , Gourav Datta , Peter A. Beerel , Akhilesh R. Jaiswal