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Snapping of a slender structure is utilized in a wide range of natural and man-made systems, mostly to achieve rapid movement without relying on muscle-like elements. Although several mechanisms for elastic energy storage and rapid release…

The electronic properties of a material depend on the spatial freedom of the electron wavefunction. A well-known example is graphite, which is a conventional gapless semiconductor, while a single layer of it, graphene, exhibits extremely…

Durable interest in developing a framework for the detailed structure of glassy materials has produced numerous structural descriptors that trade off between general applicability and interpretability. However, none approach the combination…

A mathematical model for crack-tip fields is proposed in this paper for the response of a three-dimensional (3-D) porous elastic solid whose material moduli are dependent on the density. Such a description wherein the generalized Lam\`e…

Strain plays a critical role in the properties of materials. In silicon and silicon-germanium, strain provides a mechanism for control of both carrier mobility and band offsets. In materials integra-tion, strain is typically tuned through…

Coarse-grained descriptions of dislocation motion in crystalline metals inherently represent a loss of information regarding dislocation-dislocation interactions. In the present work, we consider a coarse-graining framework capable of…

The discrete modeling of a large class of mechanical structures can be based on a stick-and-spring concept. We here present a stick-and-spring theory with potential application to the statics and the dynamics of such nanostructures as…

Two approaches to incorporate heterogeneity in discrete models are compared. In the first, standard approach, the heterogeneity is dictated by geometrical structure of the discrete system. In the second approach, the heterogeneity is…

A novel modular modeling and control framework based on Lagrangian mechanics is proposed for multibody systems, motivated by the challenges of modular control of systems with closed kinematic chains and by the need for a modeling framework…

Isomorphs are curves in the thermodynamic phase diagram of invariant excess entropy, structure, and dynamics, while pseudoisomorphs are curves of invariant structure and dynamics, but not of the excess entropy. The latter curves have been…

The band structures of strained graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) are examined by a tight binding Hamiltonian that is directly related to the type and strength of strains. Compared to the two-dimensional graphene whose band gap remains close to…

The geometric approach to mechanics based on the Jacobi metric allows to easily construct natural mechanical systems which are integrable (actually separable) at a fixed value of the energy. The aim of the present paper is to investigate…

Strain-engineering of materials encompasses significant elastic deformation and leads to breaking of the lattice symmetry and as a consequence to the emergence of optical anisotropy. However, the capability to image and map local strain…

The mathematical theory of rigidity of body-bar and body-hinge frameworks provides a useful tool for analyzing the rigidity and flexibility of many articulated structures appearing in engineering, robotics and biochemistry. In this paper we…

Energetically the single sheet of graphite (graphene) is more stable than the nanotube. The energy difference between the two systems can be directly related to the strain energy involved in rolling up the graphene sheet to form the…

At dry and clean material junctions of rigid materials the corrugation of the sliding energy landscape is dominated by variations of Pauli repulsions. These occur when electron clouds centered around atoms in adjacent layers overlap as they…

Robot grasping is subject to an inherent tradeoff: Grippers with a large span typically take a longer time to close, and fast grippers usually cover a small span. However, many practical applications of soft grippers require the ability to…

One cannot pull an open, curved string along itself. This fact is clearly reflected in the unwrapping motion of a string or chain as it is dragged around an object, and implies strong consequences for slender structures in passive…

In this work, a higher-order irrotational strain gradient plasticity theory is studied in the small strain regime. A detailed numerical study is based on the problem of simple shear of a non-homogeneous block comprising an elastic-plastic…

First-principles calculations were performed to investigate the electronic structure of two-dimensional (2-D) Ge, Sn, and Pb without and with the presence of an external electric field in combination with spin-orbit coupling. Tight-binding…