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Software development is a very broad activity that captures the entire life cycle of a software, which includes designing, programming, maintenance and so on. In this study, we focus on the maintenance-related concerns of the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-08-18 Jiachi Chen , Xin Xia , David Lo , John Grundy , Xiaohu Yang

The Ethereum platform supports the decentralized execution of smart contracts, i.e. computer programs that transfer digital assets between users. The most common language used to develop these contracts is Solidity, a Javascript-like…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2019-08-08 Massimo Bartoletti , Letterio Galletta , Maurizio Murgia

We introduce SCooLS, our Smart Contract Learning (Semi-supervised) engine. SCooLS uses neural networks to analyze Ethereum contract bytecode and identifies specific vulnerable functions. SCooLS incorporates two key elements: semi-supervised…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-19 Tamer Abdelaziz , Aquinas Hobor

Decentralized cryptocurrencies feature the use of blockchain to transfer values among peers on networks without central agency. Smart contracts are programs running on top of the blockchain consensus protocol to enable people make…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-08-06 Bo Jiang , Ye Liu , W. K. Chan

Smart contracts are programs that are executed on a blockhain. They have been used for applications in voting, decentralized finance, and supply chain management. However, vulnerabilities in smart contracts have been abused by hackers,…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Timothy Mou , Michael Coblenz , Jonathan Aldrich

Smart contracts are essential for managing digital assets in blockchain networks, highlighting the need for effective security measures. This paper introduces SmartLLMSentry, a novel framework that leverages large language models (LLMs),…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Oualid Zaazaa , Hanan El Bakkali

Smart contracts are self-executing programs that manage financial transactions on blockchain networks. Developers commonly rely on third-party code libraries to improve both efficiency and security. However, improper use of these libraries…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Yishun Wang , Wenkai Li , Xiaoqi Li , Zongwei Li , Lei Xie , Yuqing Zhang

The evaluation of smart contract reputability is essential to foster trust in decentralized ecosystems. However, existing methods that rely solely on code analysis or transactional data, offer limited insight into evolving trustworthiness.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Cyrus Malik , Josef Bajada , Joshua Ellul

Blockchain recently became very popular due to its use in cryptocurrencies and potential application in various domains (e.g., retail, healthcare, insurance). The smart contract is a key part of blockchain systems and specifies an agreement…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-04-13 Fernando Richter Vidal , Naghmeh Ivaki , Nuno Laranjeiro

Smart contracts are programs stored and executed on a blockchain. The Ethereum platform, an open-source blockchain-based platform, has been designed to use these programs offering secured protocols and transaction costs reduction. The…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2019-05-27 Jeremy Charlier , Radu State , Jean Hilger

Context: Smart contracts are computerized self-executing contracts that contain clauses, which are enforced once certain conditions are met. Smart contracts are immutable by design and cannot be modified once deployed, which ensures…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-04-14 Ilham Qasse , Mohammad Hamdaqa , Björn Þór Jónsson

Context: Identifying potential vulnerable code is important to improve the security of our software systems. However, the manual detection of software vulnerabilities requires expert knowledge and is time-consuming, and must be supported by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-01-24 Laura Wartschinski , Yannic Noller , Thomas Vogel , Timo Kehrer , Lars Grunske

Smart contracts have transformed decentralized finance, but flaws in their logic still create major security threats. Most existing vulnerability detection techniques focus on well-supported languages like Solidity, while low-resource…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Minghao Hu , Qiang Zeng , Lannan Luo

Developers of smart contracts pervasively reuse subcontracts to improve development efficiency. Like any program language, such subcontract reuse may unexpectedly include, or introduce vulnerabilities to the end-point smart contract.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Zeqin Liao , Yuhong Nan , Zixu Gao , Henglong Liang , Sicheng Hao , Jiajing Wu , Zibin Zheng

Recent years have seen an explosion of activity in Generative AI, specifically Large Language Models (LLMs), revolutionising applications across various fields. Smart contract vulnerability detection is no exception; as smart contracts…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Peter Ince , Jiangshan Yu , Joseph K. Liu , Xiaoning Du

Smart contracts are the cornerstone of decentralized applications and financial protocols, which extend the application of digital currency transactions. The applications and financial protocols introduce significant security challenges,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Hongli Peng , Xiaoqi Li , Wenkai Li

Smart contract transactions associated with security attacks often exhibit distinct behavioral patterns compared with historical benign transactions before the attacking events. While many runtime monitoring and guarding mechanisms have…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Zhiyang Chen , Ye Liu , Sidi Mohamed Beillahi , Yi Li , Fan Long

Callbacks are essential in many programming environments, but drastically complicate program understanding and reasoning because they allow to mutate object's local states by external objects in unexpected fashions, thus breaking…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2018-01-15 Shelly Grossman , Ittai Abraham , Guy Golan-Gueta , Yan Michalevsky , Noam Rinetzky , Mooly Sagiv , Yoni Zohar

Smart contracts play a significant role in automating blockchain services. Nevertheless, vulnerabilities in smart contracts pose serious threats to blockchain security. Currently, traditional detection methods primarily rely on static…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Tenghui Huang , Jinbo Wen , Jiawen Kang , Siyong Chen , Zhengtao Li , Tao Zhang , Dongning Liu , Jiacheng Wang , Chengjun Cai , Yinqiu Liu , Dusit Niyato

Context: The IoT system infrastructure platform facility vulnerability attack has become the main battlefield of network security attacks. Most of the traditional vulnerability mining methods rely on vulnerability detection tools to realize…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Wen Zhou
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