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Cardiovascular disease has become one of the most significant threats endangering human life and health. Recently, Electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring has been transformed into remote cardiac monitoring by Holter surveillance. However, the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-26 Peng Wang , Zihuai Lin , Xucun Yan , Zijiao Chen , Ming Ding , Yang Song , Lu Meng

Electrocardiogram (ECG) analysis is crucial for diagnosing heart disease, but most self-supervised learning methods treat ECG as a generic time series, overlooking physiologic semantics and rhythm-level structure. Existing contrastive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Xin Wang , Burcu Ozek , Aruna Mohan , Amirhossein Ravari , Or Zilbershot , Fatemeh Afghah

Imbalanced electrocardiogram (ECG) data hampers the efficacy and resilience of algorithms in the automated processing and interpretation of cardiovascular diagnostic information, which in turn impedes deep learning-based ECG classification.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Haijian Shao , Wei Liu , Xing Deng , Daze Lu

The reliable diagnosis of cardiac conditions through electrocardiogram (ECG) analysis critically depends on accurately detecting P waves and measuring the PR interval. However, achieving consistent and generalizable diagnoses across diverse…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-11 Rumsha Fatima , Shahzad Younis , Faraz Shaikh , Hamna Imran , Haseeb Sultan , Shahzad Rasool , Mehak Rafiq

Deep learning-based electrocardiogram (ECG) classification has shown impressive performance but clinical adoption has been slowed by the lack of transparent and faithful explanations. Post hoc methods such as saliency maps may fail to…

In recent years, deep learning has witnessed its blossom in the field of Electrocardiography (ECG) processing, outperforming traditional signal processing methods in various tasks, for example, classification, QRS detection, wave…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-12 Wen Hao , Kang Jingsu

We propose a new representation learning solution for the classification of cognitive load based on Electroencephalogram (EEG). Our method integrates both time and frequency domains by first passing the raw EEG signals through the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Prithila Angkan , Amin Jalali , Paul Hungler , Ali Etemad

Cardiac Magnetic Resonance (CMR) imaging provides a comprehensive assessment of cardiac structure and function but remains constrained by high acquisition costs and reliance on expert annotations, limiting the availability of large-scale…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-11 Xiaocheng Fang , Zhengyao Ding , Guangkun Nie , Jieyi Cai , Yujie Xiao , Bo Liu , Jiarui Jin , Haoyu Wang , Shun Huang , Ting Chen , Hongyan Li , Shenda Hong

Electrocardiogram (ECG) is widely used in healthcare applications, such as arrhythmia detection and sleep monitoring, making accurate ECG analysis critically essential. Traditional deep learning models for ECG are task-specific, with…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-14 Yu Han , Vittorio Murino , Xiaofeng Liu , Xiang Zhang , Cheng Ding

The electrocardiogram (ECG) is an essential non-invasive diagnostic tool for assessing cardiac conditions. Existing automatic interpretation methods suffer from limited generalizability, focusing on a narrow range of cardiac conditions, and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-28 Ruoqi Liu , Yuelin Bai , Xiang Yue , Ping Zhang

Photoplethysmography (PPG) is a cost-effective and non-invasive technique that utilizes optical methods to measure cardiac physiology. PPG has become increasingly popular in health monitoring and is used in various commercial and clinical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Khuong Vo , Mostafa El-Khamy , Yoojin Choi

The classification of electrocardiogram (ECG) plays a crucial role in the development of an automatic cardiovascular diagnostic system. However, considerable variances in ECG signals between individuals is a significant challenge. Changes…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-08 Md Niaz Imtiaz , Naimul Khan

Electrocardiography (ECG) serves as an indispensable diagnostic tool in clinical practice, yet existing multimodal large language models (MLLMs) remain unreliable for ECG interpretation, often producing plausible but clinically incorrect…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Jiarui Jin , Haoyu Wang , Xingliang Wu , Xiaocheng Fang , Xiang Lan , Zihan Wang , Deyun Zhang , Bo Liu , Yingying Zhang , Xian Wu , Hongyan Li , Shenda Hong

Reconstructing a 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) from a reduced lead set is an ill-posed inverse problem due to anatomical variability. Standard deep learning methods often ignore underlying cardiac pathology losing vital morphology in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Youssef Youssef , Jitin Singla

The 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) is the gold standard for cardiovascular monitoring, offering superior diagnostic granularity and specificity compared to photoplethysmography (PPG). However, existing 12-lead ECG systems rely on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Hui Ji , Wei Gao , Pengfei Zhou

The 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) is a quasi-periodic, multi-channel signal with diagnostic content spanning timescales from millisecond waveform morphology to multi-second rhythm dynamics. Existing ECG representation learning relies on…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Lei Xu , Fahad Sohrab , Mehmet Yamac , Merja Heinaniemi , Moncef Gabbouj

Accurate interpretation of electrocardiogram (ECG) signals is crucial for diagnosing cardiovascular diseases. Recent multimodal approaches that integrate ECGs with accompanying clinical reports show strong potential, but they still face two…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Ziwei Niu , Hao Sun , Shujun Bian , Xihong Yang , Lanfen Lin , Yuxin Liu , Yueming Jin

Accurate diagnosis of heart arrhythmias requires the interpretation of electrocardiograms (ECG), which capture the electrical activity of the heart. Automating this process through machine learning is challenging due to the need for large…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-21 Kuba Weimann , Tim O. F. Conrad

The success of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) in the medical auxiliary field shows great potential, allowing patients to engage in conversations using physiological signal data. However, general MLLMs perform poorly in cardiac…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-17 Yubao Zhao , Jiaju Kang , Tian Zhang , Puyu Han , Tong Chen

Electrocardiogram (ECG) captures the heart's electrical signals, offering valuable information for diagnosing cardiac conditions. However, the scarcity of labeled data makes it challenging to fully leverage supervised learning in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Sehun Kim