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Considerable effort in experimental quantum computing is devoted to noisy intermediate scale quantum computers (NISQ computers). Understanding the effect of noise is important for various aspects of this endeavor including notable claims…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-02 Gil Kalai , Yosef Rinott , Tomer Shoham

Quantum noise fundamentally limits the utility of near-term quantum devices, making error mitigation essential for practical quantum computation. While traditional quantum error correction codes require substantial qubit overhead and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-23 Karan Kendre

A significant problem for current quantum computers is noise. While there are many distinct noise channels, the depolarizing noise model often appropriately describes average noise for large circuits involving many qubits and gates. We…

Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices fail to produce outputs with sufficient fidelity for deep circuits with many gates today. Such devices suffer from read-out, multi-qubit gate and crosstalk noise combined with short…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-15 Ellis Wilson , Frank Mueller , Lindsay Bassman , Constin Iancu

A universal fault-tolerant quantum computer holds the promise to speed up computational problems that are otherwise intractable on classical computers; however, for the next decade or so, our access is restricted to noisy intermediate-scale…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-22 Archismita Dalal , Amara Katabarwa

As noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) processors increase in size and complexity, their use as general purpose quantum simulators will rely on algorithms based on the Trotter-Suzuki expansion. We run quantum simulations on a small,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-21 Kevin W. Kuper , Jon P. Pajaud , Karthik Chinni , Pablo M. Poggi , Poul S. Jessen

Near-term quantum systems tend to be noisy. Crosstalk noise has been recognized as one of several major types of noises in superconducting Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices. Crosstalk arises from the concurrent execution of…

Noise is the defining feature of the NISQ era, but it remains unclear if noisy quantum devices are capable of quantum speedups. Quantum supremacy experiments have been a major step forward, but gaps remain between the theory behind these…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-08 Adam Bouland , Bill Fefferman , Zeph Landau , Yunchao Liu

Quantum simulation is a central application of near-term quantum devices, pursued in both analog and digital architectures. A key challenge for both paradigms is the effect of imperfections and noise on predictive power. In this work, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-05 Jayant Rao , Jens Eisert , Tommaso Guaita

Quantum Error Mitigation (QEM) enables the extraction of high-quality results from the presently-available noisy quantum computers. In this approach, the effect of the noise on observables of interest can be mitigated using multiple…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-23 Ivan Henao , Jader P. Santos , Raam Uzdin

Quantum error correcting codes have been shown to have the ability of making quantum information resilient against noise. Here we show that we can use quantum error correcting codes as diagnostics to characterise noise. The experiment is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 M. Laforest , D. Simon , J. -C. Boileau , J. Baugh , M. Ditty , R. Laflamme

Quantum networks are of high interest nowadays. In short, they describe the distribution of quantum sources represented by edges to different parties represented by nodes in the networks. Bundles of tools have been developed recently to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-24 Zhen-Peng Xu

Due to the immense potential of quantum computers and the significant computing overhead required in machine learning applications, the variational quantum classifier (VQC) has received a lot of interest recently for image classification.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-20 Ruiyang Qin , Zhiding Liang , Jinglei Cheng , Peter Kogge , Yiyu Shi

Quantum machine learning, which involves running machine learning algorithms on quantum devices, has garnered significant attention in both academic and business circles. In this paper, we offer a comprehensive and unbiased review of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-21 Yunfei Wang , Junyu Liu

Quantum computers have the potential to outperform classical computers for some complex computational problems. However, current quantum computers (e.g., from IBM and Google) have inherent noise that results in errors in the outputs of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-22 Asmar Muqeet , Shaukat Ali , Tao Yue , Paolo Arcaini

One of the key challenges in current Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) computers is to control a quantum system with high-fidelity quantum gates. There are many reasons a quantum gate can go wrong -- for superconducting transmon…

Developing methods to accurately characterize and mitigate the impact of noise is crucial for enhancing the fidelity of quantum simulations on Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices. In this work, we present a circuit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-11 Ruizhe Shen , Tianqi Chen , Ching Hua Lee

Quantum computing is one of the most enticing computational paradigms with the potential to revolutionize diverse areas of future-generation computational systems. While quantum computing hardware has advanced rapidly, from tiny laboratory…

Quantum algorithms offer an exponential speedup over classical algorithms for a range of computational problems. The fundamental mechanisms underlying quantum computation required the development and construction of quantum computers. These…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Shane Sweeney , Krishnendu Guha

As research on building scalable quantum computers advances, it is important to be able to certify their correctness. Due to the exponential hardness of classically simulating quantum computation, straight-forward verification through…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-12-23 Iskren Vankov , Daniel Mills , Petros Wallden , Elham Kashefi