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Membership inference attacks (MIAs) attempt to predict whether a particular datapoint is a member of a target model's training data. Despite extensive research on traditional machine learning models, there has been limited work studying MIA…

While significant research advances have been made in the field of deep reinforcement learning, there have been no concrete adversarial attack strategies in literature tailored for studying the vulnerability of deep reinforcement learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-17 Maziar Gomrokchi , Susan Amin , Hossein Aboutalebi , Alexander Wong , Doina Precup

Membership inference attacks have emerged as a significant privacy concern in the training of deep learning models, where attackers can infer whether a data point was part of the training set based on the model's outputs. To address this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Ying Chen , Jiajing Chen , Yijie Weng , ChiaHua Chang , Dezhi Yu , Guanbiao Lin

Model Inversion (MI) attacks pose a significant threat to the privacy of Deep Neural Networks by recovering training data distribution from well-trained models. While existing defenses often rely on regularization techniques to reduce…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Zhen-Ting Liu , Shang-Tse Chen

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in interactive and retrieval-augmented settings, raising significant privacy concerns. While attacks such as Membership Inference (MIA), Attribute Inference (AIA), Data Extraction…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Karima Makhlouf , Lamiaa Basyoni , Syed Khaderi , Gabriel Marquez , Peter Sotomango , Mahmoud Awawdah , Sami Zhioua

Diffusion models have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in image synthesis, but their recently proven vulnerability to Membership Inference Attacks (MIAs) poses a critical privacy concern. This paper introduces two novel and efficient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Bao Q. Tran , Viet Nguyen , Anh Tran , Toan Tran

Machine learning (ML) has become a core component of many real-world applications and training data is a key factor that drives current progress. This huge success has led Internet companies to deploy machine learning as a service (MLaaS).…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-12-18 Ahmed Salem , Yang Zhang , Mathias Humbert , Pascal Berrang , Mario Fritz , Michael Backes

Machine Unlearning (MU) aims to update Machine Learning (ML) models following requests to remove training samples and their influences on a trained model efficiently without retraining the original ML model from scratch. While MU itself has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Liou Tang , James Joshi , Ashish Kundu

Membership inference attacks (MIAs) aim to determine whether a specific data point was part of a model's training set, serving as effective tools for evaluating privacy leakage of vision models. However, existing MIAs implicitly assume…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Ruize Gao , Kaiwen Zhou , Yongqiang Chen , Feng Liu

Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative model training while keeping training data localized, allowing us to preserve privacy in various domains including remote sensing. However, recent studies show that FL models may still leak…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Anh-Kiet Duong , Petra Gomez-Krämer , Hoàng-Ân Lê , Minh-Tan Pham

Unlike traditional static deep neural networks (DNNs), dynamic neural networks (NNs) adjust their structures or parameters to different inputs to guarantee accuracy and computational efficiency. Meanwhile, it has been an emerging research…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Pan Li , Peizhuo Lv , Shenchen Zhu , Ruigang Liang , Kai Chen

Deep learning models have an intrinsic privacy issue as they memorize parts of their training data, creating a privacy leakage. Membership Inference Attacks (MIA) exploit it to obtain confidential information about the data used for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Daniel Jiménez-López , Nuria Rodríguez-Barroso , M. Victoria Luzón , Francisco Herrera

Model Inversion (MI) attacks aim at leveraging the output information of target models to reconstruct privacy-sensitive training data, raising critical concerns regarding the privacy vulnerabilities of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs).…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Yixiang Qiu , Hongyao Yu , Hao Fang , Tianqu Zhuang , Wenbo Yu , Bin Chen , Xuan Wang , Shu-Tao Xia , Ke Xu

We demonstrate how a target model's generalization gap leads directly to an effective deterministic black box membership inference attack (MIA). This provides an upper bound on how secure a model can be to MIA based on a simple metric.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-15 Jason W. Bentley , Daniel Gibney , Gary Hoppenworth , Sumit Kumar Jha

A membership inference attack allows an adversary to query a trained machine learning model to predict whether or not a particular example was contained in the model's training dataset. These attacks are currently evaluated using…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-04-13 Nicholas Carlini , Steve Chien , Milad Nasr , Shuang Song , Andreas Terzis , Florian Tramer

The prosperity of machine learning has also brought people's concerns about data privacy. Among them, inference attacks can implement privacy breaches in various MLaaS scenarios and model training/prediction phases. Specifically, inference…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Feng Wu , Lei Cui , Shaowen Yao , Shui Yu

Membership inference attacks aim to detect if a particular data point was used in training a model. We design a novel statistical test to perform robust membership inference attacks (RMIA) with low computational overhead. We achieve this by…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-06-13 Sajjad Zarifzadeh , Philippe Liu , Reza Shokri

Membership inference attacks (MIAs), which determine whether a specific data point was included in the training set of a target model, have posed severe threats in federated learning (FL). Unfortunately, existing MIA defenses, typically…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Li Bai , Junxu Liu , Sen Zhang , Xinwei Zhang , Qingqing Ye , Haibo Hu

In the text processing context, most ML models are built on word embeddings. These embeddings are themselves trained on some datasets, potentially containing sensitive data. In some cases this training is done independently, in other cases,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-23 Saeed Mahloujifar , Huseyin A. Inan , Melissa Chase , Esha Ghosh , Marcello Hasegawa

Deep Learning based AI systems have shown great promise in various domains such as vision, audio, autonomous systems (vehicles, drones), etc. Recent research on neural networks has shown the susceptibility of deep networks to adversarial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-25 Sambuddha Saha , Aashish Kumar , Pratyush Sahay , George Jose , Srinivas Kruthiventi , Harikrishna Muralidhara