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Opioids are the preferred medications for the treatment of pain in the intensive care unit. While undertreatment leads to unrelieved pain and poor clinical outcomes, excessive use of opioids puts patients at risk of experiencing multiple…
In the last decade, the United States has lost more than 500,000 people from an overdose involving prescription and illicit opioids making it a national public health emergency (USDHHS, 2017). Medical practitioners require robust and timely…
The dearth of prescribing guidelines for physicians is one key driver of the current opioid epidemic in the United States. In this work, we analyze medical and pharmaceutical claims data to draw insights on characteristics of patients who…
In this paper, we consider an opioid epidemic dynamical model with random perturbation that typically describes the interplay between regular prescription use, addictive use, and the process of rehabilitation from addiction and vice-versa.…
In the last decade drug overdose deaths reached staggering proportions in the US. Besides the raw yearly deaths count that is worrisome per se, an alarming picture comes from the steep acceleration of such rate that increased by 21% from…
Motivation: Opioid use disorder (OUD) often arises after prescription opioid exposure and follows transitions among onset, remission, and relapse. Linked EHR-survey resources such as the All of Us Research Program enable stage-specific risk…
In this paper, we consider an optimal control problem for a prescription opioid epidemic model that describes the interaction between the regular prescription or addictive use of opioid drugs, and the process of rehabilitation and that of…
Supply chain disruptions cause shortages of raw material and products. To increase resilience, i.e., the ability to cope with shocks, substituting goods in established supply chains can become an effective alternative to creating new…
Pain management in intensive care usually involves complex trade-offs, since both inadequate and excessive treatment can compromise patient safety. Prior work on reinforcement learning for sedation and analgesia has explored how to optimize…
Opioid related deaths are increasing dramatically in recent years, and opioid epidemic is worsening in the United States. Combating opioid epidemic becomes a high priority for both the U.S. government and local governments such as New York…
Opiates are some of the most effective pain relief medications available for patients suffering from cancer and surgery-related pain. Despite the affordability and effectiveness of these medications, access to opiates is highly…
Suicide is the tenth leading cause of death in the United States, yet evidence on medication-related risk or protection remains limited. Most post-marketing studies examine one drug class at a time or rely on empirical-Bayes shrinkage with…
Background: To curb the opioid epidemic, legislation regulating the amount of opioid prescriptions covered by Medicaid (Title XIX of the Social Security Act Medical Assistance Program) came into effect in May 2018 in South Carolina.…
Opioid and substance misuse is rampant in the United States today, with the phenomenon known as the opioid crisis. The relationship between substance use and mental health has been extensively studied, with one possible relationship being…
The opioid crisis has been one of the most critical society concerns in the United States. Although the medication assisted treatment (MAT) is recognized as the most effective treatment for opioid misuse and addiction, the various side…
Introduction: Chronic pain patients are at increased risk of opioid-misuse. Less is known about the unique risk conferred by each pain-management treatment, as treatments are typically implemented together, confounding their independent…
Neurotensin (NT) exerts naloxone-insensitive antinociceptive action through its binding to both NTS1 and NTS2 receptors and NT analogs provide stronger pain relief than morphine on a molecular basis. Here, we examined the analgesic/adverse…
We discovered secular trend bias in a drug effectiveness study for a recently approved drug. We compared treatment outcomes between patients who received the newly approved drug and patients exposed to the standard treatment. All patients…
The delivery of drug samples allows increasing sales of pharmaceutical products [6]. However, we discovered some problems that can be improved in the supply chain that delivers drug samples (used for the treatment of excess glucose).…
The opioid crisis remains a critical public health challenge in the United States. Despite national efforts which reduced opioid prescribing rates by nearly 45\% between 2011 and 2021, opioid-related overdose deaths more than tripled during…