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Unextendible product basis is an important object in quantum information theory and features a broad spectrum of applications, ranging bound entangled states, quantum nonlocality without entanglement, and Bell inequalities with no quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-30 Fei Shi , Mao-Sheng Li , Xiande Zhang , Qi Zhao

It is not always possible to distinguish multipartite orthogonal states if only local operation and classical communication (LOCC) are allowed. We prove that we cannot distinguish the states of an unextendible product basis (UPB) by LOCC…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Sergio De Rinaldis

Nonlocality without entanglement and its subsequent generalizations offer deep information-theoretic insights and subsequently find several useful applications. Concept of genuinely nonlocal set of product states emerges as a natural…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-31 Sumit Rout , Ananda G. Maity , Amit Mukherjee , Saronath Halder , Manik Banik

In this paper, we generalize the concept of strong quantum nonlocality from two aspects. Firstly in $\mathbb{C}^d\otimes\mathbb{C}^d\otimes\mathbb{C}^d$ quantum system, we present a construction of strongly nonlocal quantum states…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-11-04 Pei Yuan , Guojing Tian , Xiaoming Sun

In multipartite systems, great progress has been made recently on the study of strong quantum nonlocality without entanglement. However, the existence of orthogonal product sets with strong quantum nonlocality in even party systems remains…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-27 Huaqi Zhou , Ting Gao , Fengli Yan

Let H[N] denote the tensor product of n finite dimensional Hilbert spaces H(r). A state |phi> of H[N] is separable if |phi> is the tensor product of states in the respective product spaces. An orthogonal unextendible product basis is a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Arthur O. Pittenger

We exhibit an orthogonal set of product states of two three-state particles that nevertheless cannot be reliably distinguished by a pair of separated observers ignorant of which of the states has been presented to them, even if the…

In the general bipartite quantum system $m \otimes n$, Wang \emph{et al.} [Y.-L Wang \emph{et al.}, Phys. Rev. A \textbf{92}, 032313 (2015)] presented $3(m+n)-9$ orthogonal product states which cannot be distinguished by local operations…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-01-13 Zhi-Chao Zhang , Fei Gao , Ya Cao , Su-Juan Qin , Qiao-Yan Wen

In this paper, we consider the orthogonal product set (OPS) with strong quantum nonlocality. Based on the decomposition of plane geometry, we present a sufficient condition for the triviality of orthogonality-preserving POVM on fixed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-23 Huaqi Zhou , Ting Gao , Fengli Yan

We investigate the relation between unextendible product bases (UPB) and Bell inequalities found recently in [R. Augusiak et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 107, 070401 (2011)]. We first review the procedure introduced there that associates to any…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-05-11 R. Augusiak , T. Fritz , M. Kotowski , M. Kotowski , M. Pawłowski , M. Lewenstein , A. Acín

A set of orthogonal states possesses the strongest quantum nonlocality if only a trivial orthogonality-preserving positive operator-valued measure (POVM) can be performed for each bipartition of the subsystems. This concept originated from…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-09 Mengying Hu , Ting Gao , Fengli Yan

We discuss the subject of Unextendible Product Bases with the orthogonality condition dropped and we prove that the lowest rank non-separable positive-partial-transpose states, i.e. states of rank 4 in 3 x 3 systems are always locally…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2016-05-18 Łukasz Skowronek

Nonlocality without entanglement is an interesting field. A manifestation of quantum nonlocality without entanglement is the local indistinguishability of a set of orthogonal product states. In this paper we analyze the character of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Ping Xing Chen , Cheng Zu Li

The 4-qubit unextendible product basis (UPB) has been recently studied by [Johnston, J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. 47 (2014) 424034]. From this result we show that there is only one UPB of size $6$ and six UPBs of size $9$ in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-10-23 Lin Chen , Kai Wang , Yi Shen , Yize Sun , Lijun Zhao

A set of orthogonal product states of a composite Hilbert space is genuinely nonlocal if the states are locally indistinguishable across any bipartition. In this work, we construct a minimal set of party asymmetry genuine nonlocal set in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-21 Atanu Bhunia , Indrani Chattopadhyay , Debasis Sarkar

The construction of nonlocal sets of quantum states has attracted much attention in recent years. We first introduce two Lemmas related to the triviality of orthogonality-preserving local measurements. Then we propose a general construction…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-02 Xiao-Fan Zhen , Shao-Ming Fei , Hui-Juan Zuo

We can only perform a finite rounds of measurements in protocols with local operations and classical communication (LOCC). In this paper, we propose a set of product states, which require infinite rounds of measurements in order to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-02-27 Mao-Sheng Li , Yan-Ling Wang

The unextendible product basis (UPB) is generalized to the unextendible entangled basis with any arbitrarily given Schmidt number $k$ (UEBk) for any bipartite system $\mathbb{C}^d\otimes\mathbb{C}^{d'}$ ($2\leq k<d\leq d'$), which can also…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-11-21 Yu Guo , Shengjun Wu

Nonlocal sets of orthogonal product states (OPSs) are widely used in quantum protocols owing to their good property. Thus a lot of attention are paid to how to construct a nonlocal set of orthogonal product states though it is a difficult…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-29 G. B. Xu , D. H. Jiang

The nonlocal set has received wide attention over recent years. Shortly before, Li and Wang arXiv:2202.09034 proposed the concept of a locally stable set: the only possible orthogonality preserving measurement on each subsystem is trivial.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-18 Hai-Qing Cao , Mao-Sheng Li , Hui-Juan Zuo