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Complex networks represent interactions between entities. They appear in various contexts such as sociology, biology, etc., and they generally contain highly connected subgroups called communities. Community detection is a well-studied…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2014-06-11 Romain Campigotto , Patricia Conde Céspedes , Jean-Loup Guillaume

Many networks of interest in the sciences, including a variety of social and biological networks, are found to divide naturally into communities or modules. The problem of detecting and characterizing this community structure has attracted…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2007-05-23 M. E. J. Newman

Finding groups of connected individuals in large graphs with tens of thousands or more nodes has received considerable attention in academic research. In this paper, we analyze three main issues with respect to the recent influx of papers…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-05-24 Pieter Leyman , Patrick De Causmaecker

Using an intuitive concept of what constitutes a meaningful community, a novel metric is formulated for detecting non-overlapping communities in undirected, weighted heterogeneous networks. This metric, modularity density, is shown to be…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2019-08-23 Swathi M. Mula , Gerardo Veltri

Complex networks play a crucial role in understanding physical, biological, social and technological systems. One of the most relevant features of graphs representing real systems is community structure. In this paper, for a specific…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-04-18 Yu Miao , Qing Yin

Many real-world networks, including nervous systems, exhibit meso-scale structure. This means that their elements can be grouped into meaningful sub-networks. In general, these sub-networks are unknown ahead of time and must be "discovered"…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2020-11-16 Richard F. Betzel

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) can be trained to detect communities within a graph by learning from the duality of feature and connectivity information. Currently, the common approach for optimisation of GNNs is to use comparisons to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-21 William Leeney , Ryan McConville

Modularity, since its introduction, has remained one of the most widely used metrics to assess the quality of community structure in a complex network. However the resolution limit problem associated with modularity limits its applicability…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-06-13 Tianlong Chen , Pramesh Singh , Kevin E. Bassler

Community or modular structure is considered to be a significant property of large scale real-world graphs such as social or information networks. Detecting influential clusters or communities in these graphs is a problem of considerable…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2019-02-06 Prakhar Ganesh , Saket Dingliwal , Rahul Agarwal

Community detection is a central problem in graph analysis, with applications ranging from network science to graph signal processing. In recent years, Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have emerged as effective tools for learning…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-05-20 Roberto Cavoretto , Alessandra De Rossi , Enrico Montini

In this paper, we first discuss the definition of modularity (Q) used as a metric for community quality and then we review the modularity maximization approaches which were used for community detection in the last decade. Then, we discuss…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-11-17 Mingming Chen , Konstantin Kuzmin , Boleslaw K. Szymanski

Community discovery in complex networks is an interesting problem with a number of applications, especially in the knowledge extraction task in social and information networks. However, many large networks often lack a particular community…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2012-06-05 Michele Coscia , Giulio Rossetti , Fosca Giannotti , Dino Pedreschi

Modularity maximization has been one of the most widely used approaches in the last decade for discovering community structure in networks of practical interest in biology, computing, social science, statistical mechanics, and more.…

Physics and Society · Physics 2017-11-10 David Mehrle , Amy Strosser , Anthony Harkin

Graphs representing real world systems may be studied from their underlying community structure. A community in a network is an intuitive idea for which there is no consensus on its objective mathematical definition. The most used metric in…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2022-06-29 Daniel Gamermann , José Antônio Pellizaro

Community detection refers to finding densely connected groups of nodes in graphs. In important applications, such as cluster analysis and network modelling, the graph is sparse but outliers and heavy-tailed noise may obscure its structure.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-19 Aylin Tastan , Michael Muma , Abdelhak M. Zoubir

This paper surveys some recent developments in fundamental limits and optimal algorithms for network analysis. We focus on minimax optimal rates in three fundamental problems of network analysis: graphon estimation, community detection, and…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-02-15 Chao Gao , Zongming Ma

Community detection, the decomposition of a graph into essential building blocks, has been a core research topic in network science over the past years. Since a precise notion of what constitutes a community has remained evasive, community…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2017-02-17 Michael T. Schaub , Jean-Charles Delvenne , Martin Rosvall , Renaud Lambiotte

We review and improve a recently introduced method for the detection of communities in complex networks. This method combines spectral properties of some matrices encoding the network topology, with well known hierarchical clustering…

Physics and Society · Physics 2009-11-11 L. Donetti , M. A. Munoz

Complex systems are usually illustrated by networks which captures the topology of the interactions between the entities. To better understand the roles played by the entities in the system one needs to uncover the underlying community…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2016-05-23 Han Zhang , Chang-Dong Wang , Jian-Huang Lai , Philip S. Yu

The characterization of network community structure has profound implications in several scientific areas. Therefore, testing the algorithms developed to establish the optimal division of a network into communities is a fundamental problem…

Physics and Society · Physics 2013-08-02 Rodrigo Aldecoa , Ignacio Marín