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GPT-3 can perform numerous tasks when provided a natural language prompt that contains a few training examples. We show that this type of few-shot learning can be unstable: the choice of prompt format, training examples, and even the order…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-14 Tony Z. Zhao , Eric Wallace , Shi Feng , Dan Klein , Sameer Singh

What kinds of instructional prompts are easier to follow for Language Models (LMs)? We study this question by conducting extensive empirical analysis that shed light on important features of successful instructional prompts. Specifically,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-17 Swaroop Mishra , Daniel Khashabi , Chitta Baral , Yejin Choi , Hannaneh Hajishirzi

Recent prompt-based approaches allow pretrained language models to achieve strong performances on few-shot finetuning by reformulating downstream tasks as a language modeling problem. In this work, we demonstrate that, despite its…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-10 Prasetya Ajie Utama , Nafise Sadat Moosavi , Victor Sanh , Iryna Gurevych

Large pre-trained language models (PLMs) are at the forefront of advances in Natural Language Processing. One widespread use case of PLMs is "prompting" - or in-context learning - where a user provides a description of a task and some…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Christopher Toukmaji

Prompt-based fine-tuning for pre-trained models has proven effective for many natural language processing tasks under few-shot settings in general domain. However, tuning with prompt in biomedical domain has not been investigated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-17 Haochun Wang , Chi Liu , Nuwa Xi , Sendong Zhao , Meizhi Ju , Shiwei Zhang , Ziheng Zhang , Yefeng Zheng , Bing Qin , Ting Liu

Current methods for few-shot fine-tuning of pretrained masked language models (PLMs) require carefully engineered prompts and verbalizers for each new task to convert examples into a cloze-format that the PLM can score. In this work, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-27 Rabeeh Karimi Mahabadi , Luke Zettlemoyer , James Henderson , Marzieh Saeidi , Lambert Mathias , Veselin Stoyanov , Majid Yazdani

While few-shot learning as a transfer learning paradigm has gained significant traction for scenarios with limited data, it has primarily been explored in the context of building unimodal and unilingual models. Furthermore, a significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-23 Aman Chadha , Vinija Jain

GPT-$3$ has attracted lots of attention due to its superior performance across a wide range of NLP tasks, especially with its powerful and versatile in-context few-shot learning ability. Despite its success, we found that the empirical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-19 Jiachang Liu , Dinghan Shen , Yizhe Zhang , Bill Dolan , Lawrence Carin , Weizhu Chen

Few-shot Learning aims to learn and distinguish new categories with a very limited number of available images, presenting a significant challenge in the realm of deep learning. Recent researchers have sought to leverage the additional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Chunpeng Zhou , Haishuai Wang , Xilu Yuan , Zhi Yu , Jiajun Bu

We present a new method LiST is short for Lite Prompted Self-Training for parameter-efficient fine-tuning of large pre-trained language models (PLMs) for few-shot learning. LiST improves over recent methods that adopt prompt-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-20 Yaqing Wang , Subhabrata Mukherjee , Xiaodong Liu , Jing Gao , Ahmed Hassan Awadallah , Jianfeng Gao

Large language models (LLMs) can be used as accessible and intelligent chatbots by constructing natural language queries and directly inputting the prompt into the large language model. However, different prompt' constructions often lead to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-14 Jinta Weng , Jiarui Zhang , Yue Hu , Daidong Fa , Xiaofeng Xuand , Heyan Huang

Existing approaches to lifelong language learning rely on plenty of labeled data for learning a new task, which is hard to obtain in most real scenarios. Considering that humans can continually learn new tasks from a handful of examples, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-01 Chengwei Qin , Shafiq Joty

Training or finetuning large-scale language models (LLMs) such as GPT-3 requires substantial computation resources, motivating recent efforts to explore parameter-efficient adaptation to downstream tasks. One practical area of research is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Danqing Luo , Chen Zhang , Jiahui Xu , Bin Wang , Yiming Chen , Yan Zhang , Haizhou Li

Language models (LMs) have shown impressive performance on tasks within their training distribution, but often struggle with structurally novel tasks even when given a small number of in-context task examples. We investigate the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Ekin Akyürek , Mehul Damani , Adam Zweiger , Linlu Qiu , Han Guo , Jyothish Pari , Yoon Kim , Jacob Andreas

Very large language models (LLMs), such as GPT-3 and Codex have achieved state-of-the-art performance on several natural-language tasks, and show great promise also for code. A particularly exciting aspect of LLMs is their knack for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-09-09 Toufique Ahmed , Premkumar Devanbu

Models that generate natural language explanations (NLEs) for their predictions have recently gained increasing interest. However, this approach usually demands large datasets of human-written NLEs for the ground-truth answers at training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Jesus Solano , Mardhiyah Sanni , Oana-Maria Camburu , Pasquale Minervini

Prompt tuning has been an extremely effective tool to adapt a pre-trained model to downstream tasks. However, standard prompt-based methods mainly consider the case of sufficient data of downstream tasks. It is still unclear whether the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Ping Yu , Wei Wang , Chunyuan Li , Ruiyi Zhang , Zhanpeng Jin , Changyou Chen

The strong few-shot in-context learning capability of large pre-trained language models (PLMs) such as GPT-3 is highly appealing for application domains such as biomedicine, which feature high and diverse demands of language technologies…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Bernal Jiménez Gutiérrez , Nikolas McNeal , Clay Washington , You Chen , Lang Li , Huan Sun , Yu Su

Instruction fine-tuning has recently emerged as a promising approach for improving the zero-shot capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) on new tasks. This technique has shown particular strength in improving the performance of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-13 Jiuding Sun , Chantal Shaib , Byron C. Wallace

Pretrained language models (LMs) perform well on many tasks even when learning from a few examples, but prior work uses many held-out examples to tune various aspects of learning, such as hyperparameters, training objectives, and natural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-25 Ethan Perez , Douwe Kiela , Kyunghyun Cho