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Building a semantic parser quickly in a new domain is a fundamental challenge for conversational interfaces, as current semantic parsers require expensive supervision and lack the ability to generalize to new domains. In this paper, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-25 Jonathan Herzig , Jonathan Berant

The problem of keyword spotting i.e. identifying keywords in a real-time audio stream is mainly solved by applying a neural network over successive sliding windows. Due to the difficulty of the task, baseline models are usually large,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-19 Tom Véniat , Olivier Schwander , Ludovic Denoyer

This paper introduces neural architecture search (NAS) for the automatic discovery of small models for keyword spotting (KWS) in limited resource environments. We employ a differentiable NAS approach to optimize the structure of…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-12-21 David Peter , Wolfgang Roth , Franz Pernkopf

Using audio and text embeddings jointly for Keyword Spotting (KWS) has shown high-quality results, but the key challenge of how to semantically align two embeddings for multi-word keywords of different sequence lengths remains largely…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-09 Kumari Nishu , Minsik Cho , Devang Naik

Describes an audio dataset of spoken words designed to help train and evaluate keyword spotting systems. Discusses why this task is an interesting challenge, and why it requires a specialized dataset that is different from conventional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-04-11 Pete Warden

We address the problem of segmenting and retrieving word images in collections of historical manuscripts given a text query. This is commonly referred to as "word spotting". To this end, we first propose an end-to-end trainable model based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-02 Tomas Wilkinson , Jonas Lindström , Anders Brun

Learning to recognize new keywords with just a few examples is essential for personalizing keyword spotting (KWS) models to a user's choice of keywords. However, modern KWS models are typically trained on large datasets and restricted to a…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-07 Abhijeet Awasthi , Kevin Kilgour , Hassan Rom

Spotting user-defined/flexible keywords represented in text frequently uses an expensive text encoder for joint analysis with an audio encoder in an embedding space, which can suffer from heterogeneous modality representation (i.e., large…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-08-15 Kumari Nishu , Minsik Cho , Paul Dixon , Devang Naik

We develop streaming keyword spotting systems using a recurrent neural network transducer (RNN-T) model: an all-neural, end-to-end trained, sequence-to-sequence model which jointly learns acoustic and language model components. Our models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-10-27 Yanzhang He , Rohit Prabhavalkar , Kanishka Rao , Wei Li , Anton Bakhtin , Ian McGraw

Fixed-point (FXP) inference has proven suitable for embedded devices with limited computational resources, and yet model training is continually performed in floating-point (FLP). FXP training has not been fully explored and the non-trivial…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-08 Sashank Macha , Om Oza , Alex Escott , Francesco Caliva , Robbie Armitano , Santosh Kumar Cheekatmalla , Sree Hari Krishnan Parthasarathi , Yuzong Liu

Visual keyword spotting (KWS) is the problem of estimating whether a text query occurs in a given recording using only video information. This paper focuses on visual KWS for words unseen during training, a real-world, practical setting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-27 Themos Stafylakis , Georgios Tzimiropoulos

We propose smoothed max pooling loss and its application to keyword spotting systems. The proposed approach jointly trains an encoder (to detect keyword parts) and a decoder (to detect whole keyword) in a semi-supervised manner. The…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-01-29 Hyun-Jin Park , Patrick Violette , Niranjan Subrahmanya

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs), such as the time-delay neural network (TDNN), have shown their remarkable capability in learning speaker embedding. However, they meanwhile bring a huge computational cost in storage size, processing,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-22 Rui Wang , Zhihua Wei , Haoran Duan , Shouling Ji , Yang Long , Zhen Hong

The goal in word spotting is to retrieve parts of document images which are relevant with respect to a certain user-defined query. The recent past has seen attribute-based Convolutional Neural Networks take over this field of research. As…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Eugen Rusakov , Sebastian Sudholt , Fabian Wolf , Gernot A. Fink

The field of conversational agents is growing fast and there is an increasing need for algorithms that enhance natural interaction. In this work we show how we achieved state of the art results in the Keyword Spotting field by adapting and…

Scene text spotting is of great importance to the computer vision community due to its wide variety of applications. Recent methods attempt to introduce linguistic knowledge for challenging recognition rather than pure visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-13 Shancheng Fang , Zhendong Mao , Hongtao Xie , Yuxin Wang , Chenggang Yan , Yongdong Zhang

Mainly for the sake of solving the lack of keyword-specific data, we propose one Keyword Spotting (KWS) system using Deep Neural Network (DNN) and Connectionist Temporal Classifier (CTC) on power-constrained small-footprint mobile devices,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-09-13 Zhiming Wang , Xiaolong Li , Jun Zhou

Spoken Keyword Spotting (KWS) is the task of distinguishing between the presence and absence of a keyword in audio. The accuracy of a KWS model hinges on its ability to correctly classify examples close to the keyword and non-keyword…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Harry Zhang , Kurt Partridge , Pai Zhu , Neng Chen , Hyun Jin Park , Dhruuv Agarwal , Quan Wang

Spoken keyword spotting (KWS) deals with the identification of keywords in audio streams and has become a fast-growing technology thanks to the paradigm shift introduced by deep learning a few years ago. This has allowed the rapid embedding…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-11-23 Iván López-Espejo , Zheng-Hua Tan , John Hansen , Jesper Jensen

The Transformer architecture has been successful across many domains, including natural language processing, computer vision and speech recognition. In keyword spotting, self-attention has primarily been used on top of convolutional or…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-11 Axel Berg , Mark O'Connor , Miguel Tairum Cruz