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First-order phase transitions in the early Universe are a well-motivated source of gravitational waves (GWs). In this Letter, we identify a previously overlooked GW production mechanism: gravitational transition radiation, arising from…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-03-09 Wen-Yuan Ai

We show how the generation of right-handed neutrino masses in Majoron models may be associated with a first-order phase transition and accompanied by the production of a stochastic background of gravitational waves (GWs). We explore…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-10-28 Pasquale Di Bari , Danny Marfatia , Ye-Ling Zhou

In this work, we demonstrate the complete process of using space-based gravitational wave detectors to measure properties of the stochastic gravitational wave background arising from a first-order electroweak phase transition. Based on…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-05-21 Shuo Guan , Huai-Ke Guo , Dian Jiao , Qingyuan Liang , Lei Wu , Yang Zhang

We study the production of relic gravitational waves (GWs) in turbulent hypermagnetic fields (HMFs) in the symmetric phase of the early universe before the electroweak phase transition (EWPT). The noise of HMFs is modeled by the analog of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-01-13 Maxim Dvornikov

We extend analytic formulas for the gravitational-wave (GW) spectrum from first-order phase transitions to include cosmic expansion under the thin-wall and envelope approximations. We demonstrate that even for strongly supercooled…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-01-23 Masaki Yamada

We consider gravitational wave production by bubble collisions during a cosmological first-order phase transition. In the literature, such spectra have been estimated by simulating the bubble dynamics, under so-called thin-wall and envelope…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-01-11 Ryusuke Jinno , Masahiro Takimoto

The bubble wall velocity in an electroweak first order phase transition is a key quantity both for electroweak baryogenesis and for the production of a stochastic background of gravitational waves that may be probed in the future through…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2013-05-29 Jose M. No

We present a Fisher-matrix forecast for the detectability of a stochastic gravitational wave background generated by a first-order phase transition in the early universe. We use the DECIGO and LISA missions as reference cases. The source…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-05-07 Diego Rios , William H. Kinney

We study gravitational-wave production from bubble dynamics (bubble collisions and sound waves) during a cosmic first-order phase transition with an analytic approach. We first propose modeling the system with the thin-wall approximation…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-09-14 Ryusuke Jinno , Masahiro Takimoto

We numerically investigate the first-order electroweak phase transition in the background of a hypermagnetic field with three-dimensional lattice simulation. The generation of baryon asymmetry is observed, and we present the relationship…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-08-13 Yuefeng Di , Ligong Bian , Rong-Gen Cai

We study the electroweak phase transition by lattice simulations of an effective 3--dimensional theory, for a Higgs mass of about 70 GeV. Exploiting, among others, a variant of the equal weight criterion of phase equilibrium, we obtain…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2009-10-28 M. Guertler , E. -M. Ilgenfritz , J. Kripfganz , H. Perlt , A. Schiller

We estimate the gravitational wave spectra generated in strongly supercooled phase transitions by bubble collisions and fluid motion. We derive analytically in the thin-wall approximation the efficiency factor that determines the share of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-02-03 Marek Lewicki , Ville Vaskonen

Using first-principle lattice simulations, we demonstrate that in the background of a strong magnetic field (around $10^{20}$ T), the electroweak sector of the vacuum experiences two consecutive crossover transitions associated with…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2023-12-19 M. N. Chernodub , V. A. Goy , A. V. Molochkov

We study the gravitational waves produced by the collision of the bubbles as a probe for the cosmological first order QCD phase transition, considering heavy static quarks. Using AdS/QCD and the correspondence between a first order…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-08-15 M. Ahmadvand , K. Bitaghsir Fadafan

We study previously unexplored possibility of triggering the first order electroweak phase transition (EWPT) by interactions of the Standard Model (SM) particles with the sector responsible for low scale supersymmetry breaking. The…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-07-14 S. Demidov , D. Gorbunov , E. Kriukova

We compute the gravity waves induced by anisotropic stresses of stochastic primordial magnetic fields. The nucleosynthesis bound on gravity waves is then used to derive a limit on the magnetic field amplitude as function of the spectral…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Chiara Caprini , Ruth Durrer

We propose a novel mechanism where a first-order phase transition modulates the decay rate of a massive field. This modulation, even if the scalar field has negligible energy density, subsequently generates an observable stochastic…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-11-11 Xiao-Bin Sui , Jing Liu , Rong-Gen Cai

We explore a novel process in the early Universe in which thermalized photons are converted into gravitons in the presence of strong primordial magnetic fields. It is found that the frequency of generated gravitational waves (GWs) is…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-11-19 Tomohiro Fujita , Kohei Kamada , Yuichiro Nakai

Gravitational wave production from bubble collisions was calculated in the early nineties using numerical simulations. In this paper, we present an alternative analytic estimate, relying on a different treatment of stochasticity. In our…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-01-13 Chiara Caprini , Ruth Durrer , Geraldine Servant

We calculate the gravitational wave spectrum produced by magneto-hydrodynamic turbulence in a first order phase transitions. We focus in particular on the role of decorrelation of incompressible (solenoidal) homogeneous isotropic…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-06-22 Peter Niksa , Martin Schlederer , Günter Sigl
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