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Countless low-surface brightness objects - including spiral galaxies, dwarf galaxies, and noise patterns - have been detected in recent large surveys. Classically, astronomers visually inspect those detections to distinguish between real…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-03-25 Oliver Müller , Eva Schnider

Blazars can be classified on the basis of their overall Spectral Energy Distribution (SED). BL Lac objects are usually divided in LBL or HBL (Low or High energy peaked BL Lacs), according to the peak frequency of the synchrotron emission,…

Source classifications, stellar masses and star formation rates are presented for 80,000 radio sources from the first data release of the Low Frequency Array Two-metre Sky Survey (LoTSS) Deep Fields, which represents the widest deep radio…

We study the $\gamma$-ray and broadband spectral energy distribution (SED) properties of a complete sample of 104 bright, radio-selected low-synchrotron peaked (LSP) blazars. Most of the sources have already been detected in the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-08-08 B. Arsioli , G. Polenta

We report on the Swift/XRT observation and classification of eleven blazar candidates at $z>4$. These sources were selected as part of a sample of extremely radio-loud quasars, in order to focus on quasars with jets oriented roughly close…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-07-27 Tullia Sbarrato , Gabriele Ghisellini , Gianpiero Tagliaferri , Fabrizio Tavecchio , Giancarlo Ghirlanda , Luigi Costamante

The fourth Fermi Large Area Telescope Source Catalog (4FGL) lists over 5000 gamma-ray sources with statistical significance above 4$\sigma$. About 23% of the sources listed in this catalog are unidentified/unassociated gamma-ray sources…

Blazars are conventionally classified into BL Lac objects and flat-spectrum radio quasars (FSRQs), commonly associated with radiatively inefficient and efficient accretion onto supermassive black holes, respectively. Increasing evidence,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-05-18 Javaid Tantry , Naseer Iqbal

Blazars are the most plentiful gamma-ray source at GeV energies, and despite detailed study, there is much that is not known about these sources. In this review I explore some recent results on blazars, including the controversy of the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2013-03-22 Justin Finke

We present the results of our analysis devoted to the research of sources emitting in the energy bands surveyed by both the Swift-BAT and the Fermi-LAT telescopes. We cross-correlate the Fermi-LAT 1-year point source catalogue (1FGL) of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-27 A. Maselli , G. Cusumano , E. Massaro , A. Segreto , V. La Parola , A. Tramacere , I. Donnarumma

Blazars represent dominant population of the extragalactic $\gamma$-ray sources in the Universe. These sources exhibit some characteristic properties like strong and non-thermal continuum emission over the entire electromagnetic spectrum…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-10-07 K. K. Singh , P. J. Meintjes

The third Fermi source catalog lists 3033 gamma-ray sources above $4\sigma$ significance. More than 30% are classified as either unidentified/unassociated Gamma-ray sources (UGSs), with about 20% classified as Blazar candidates of uncertain…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-03-26 Marchesini , E. J. , Peña-Herazo , H. A. , Álvarez Crespo , N. , Ricci , F. , M. Negro , Milisavljevic , D. , Massaro , F. , Masetti , N. , Landoni , M. , Chavushyan , V. , D'Abrusco , R. , Jiménez-Bailón , E. , La Franca , F. , Paggi , A. , Smith , H. A. , Tosti , G.

The Fermi gamma-ray space telescope has revolutionized our view of the gamma-ray sky and the high energy processes in the Universe. While the number of known gamma-ray emitters has increased by orders of magnitude since the launch of Fermi,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-05-01 I. Liodakis , D. Blinov

In this review, recent progress in theoretical models for blazar emission will be summarized. The salient features of both leptonic and lepto-hadronic approaches to modeling blazar spectral energy distributions will be reviewed. I will…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2010-06-28 Markus Boettcher

Blazars are interesting source candidates for astrophysical neutrino emission. Multi-messenger lepto-hadronic models based on proton-photon (p-gamma) interactions result in predictions for the neutrino spectra (''p-gamma spectra'') which…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-01-21 Julian Kuhlmann , Francesca Capel

In this review, recent progress in theoretical models for the broadband (radio through gamma-ray) emission from blazars are summarized. The salient features of both leptonic and hadronic models are reviewed. I present sample modeling…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-05-03 Markus Boettcher

Relativistic jets in AGN in general, and in blazars in particular, are the most energetic and among the most powerful astrophysical objects known so far. Their relativistic nature provides them with the ability to emit profusely at all…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2012-10-09 Ivan Agudo , Alan P. Marscher , Svetlana G. Jorstad , Jose L. Gomez

We construct the first X-ray selected sample of broad line radio-loud AGN from the EMSS survey. In order to test unifying schemes for radio-loud objects, their spectral and statistical properties (both flat and steep spectrum objects) are…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 Anna Wolter , Annalisa Celotti

The emission of very-high-energy photons (VHE, E$>$100 GeV) in active galactic nuclei (AGN) is closely connected with the production of ultra-relativistic particles. Among AGN, the subclass of extreme BL Lacertae are of particular interest…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-09-30 M. Nievas Rosillo , G. Chiaro , A. Dominguez , G. La Mura

Associating gamma-ray sources to their low-energy counterparts is one of the major challenges of modern gamma-ray astronomy. In the context of the Fourth Fermi Large Area Telescope Source Catalog (4FGL), the associations rely mainly on…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-06-03 Raniere de Menezes , Raffaele D'Abrusco , Francesco Massaro , Dario Gasparrini , Rodrigo Nemmen

Blazars are promising targets for neutrino astronomy, as highlighted by IceCube's identification of TXS 0506+056 as a cosmic neutrino source candidate. High-frequency-peaked BL Lacs (HBLs) stand out due to their characteristic…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-12-03 Francesco Carenini , Giulia Illuminati
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