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The ultimate goal of quantum error correction is to create logical qubits with very low error rates (e.g. 1e-12) and assemble them into large-scale quantum computers capable of performing many (e.g. billions) of logical gates on many (e.g.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-20 Michael E. Beverland , Malcolm Carroll , Andrew W. Cross , Theodore J. Yoder

As in classical coding theory, quantum analogues of low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes have offered good error correction performance and low decoding complexity by employing the Calderbank-Shor-Steane (CSS) construction. However,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-05-21 Yuichiro Fujiwara , Vladimir D. Tonchev

Low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes have been successfully commercialized in communication systems due to their strong error correction capabilities and simple decoding process. However, the error-floor phenomenon of LDPC codes, in which…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Hee-Youl Kwak , Dae-Young Yun , Yongjune Kim , Sang-Hyo Kim , Jong-Seon No

Quantum low-density parity-check (QLDPC) codes provide a practical balance between error-correction capability and implementation complexity in quantum error correction (QEC). In this paper, we propose an algebraic construction based on…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Alessio Baldelli , Massimo Battaglioni , Jonathan Mandelbaum , Sisi Miao , Laurent Schmalen

The decoding throughput in the postprocessing is one of the bottlenecks for a continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) system. In this paper, we propose a layered decoder to decode quasi-cyclic multi-edge type LDPC (QC-METLDPC)…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-04-21 Yang Li , Xiaofang Zhang , Yong Li , Bingjie Xu , Li Ma , Jie Yang , Wei Huang

Error correction allows a quantum computer to preserve states long beyond the decoherence time of its physical qubits. Key to any scheme of error correction is the decoding algorithm, which estimates the error state of qubits from the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-06 Stasiu Wolanski , Ben Barber

The recent success in constructing asymptotically good quantum low-density parity-check (QLDPC) codes makes this family of codes a promising candidate for error-correcting schemes in quantum computing. However, conventional belief…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-03-22 Sisi Miao , Alexander Schnerring , Haizheng Li , Laurent Schmalen

Iterative decoders used for decoding low-density parity-check (LDPC) and moderate-density parity-check (MDPC) codes are not characterized by a deterministic decoding radius and their error rate performance is usually assessed through…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-02-27 Paolo Santini , Massimo Battaglioni , Marco Baldi , Franco Chiaraluce

Post-selection strategies that discard low-confidence computational results can significantly improve the effective fidelity of quantum error correction at the cost of reduced acceptance rates, which can be particularly useful for offline…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-27 Seok-Hyung Lee , Lucas H. English , Stephen D. Bartlett

With the development of quantum error correction techniques, quantum low density parity check (QLDPC) codes become a promising area in quantum error correction codes. In this paper, the requirements of QLDPC codes based on points except the…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2023-10-04 Ya'nan Feng , Chuchen Tang , Chenming Bai

We face the following dilemma for designing low-density parity-check codes (LDPC) for quantum error correction. 1) The row weights of parity-check should be large: The minimum distances are bounded above by the minimum row weights of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2011-02-16 Manabu Hagiwara , Kenta Kasai , Hideki Imai , Kohichi Sakaniwa

Quantum low-density parity check (qLDPC) codes offer higher encoding rate than topological codes, e.g. surface codes, making them favourable for practical, fault-tolerant quantum computing with low overhead. These codes are particularly…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-23 Susan X. Chen , Matthias C. Löbl , Ming Lai Chan , Anders S. Sørensen , Stefano Paesani

This paper is concerned with construction and structural analysis of both cyclic and quasi-cyclic codes, particularly LDPC codes. It consists of three parts. The first part shows that a cyclic code given by a parity-check matrix in…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2010-12-16 Qin Huang , Qiuju Diao , Shu Lin , Khaled Abdel-Ghaffar

In this paper, we propose a new approach to construct a class of check-hybrid generalized low-density parity-check (CH-GLDPC) codes which are free of small trapping sets. The approach is based on converting some selected check nodes…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-04-19 Vida Ravanmehr , Mehrdad Khatami , David Declercq , Bane Vasic

One of the phenomena that influences significantly the performance of low-density parity-check codes is known as trapping sets. An $(a,b)$ elementary trapping set, or simply an ETS where $a$ is the size and $b$ is the number of degree-one…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-03-23 Farzane Amirzade , Mohammad-Reza Sadeghi

Low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes together with belief propagation (BP) decoding yield exceptional error correction capabilities in the large block length regime. Yet, there remains a gap between BP decoding and maximum likelihood…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Jonathan Mandelbaum , Holger Jäkel , Laurent Schmalen

We present a theory of quantum serial turbo-codes, describe their iterative decoding algorithm, and study their performances numerically on a depolarization channel. Our construction offers several advantages over quantum LDPC codes. First,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-06-10 David Poulin , Jean-Pierre Tillich , Harold Ollivier

In this paper, we propose a novel decoding method for Quantum Low-Density Parity-Check (QLDPC) codes based on Graph Neural Networks (GNNs). Similar to the Belief Propagation (BP)-based QLDPC decoders, the proposed GNN-based QLDPC decoder…

In this paper, we introduce an efficient iterative solver for the joint linear-programming (LP) decoding of low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes and finite-state channels (FSCs). In particular, we extend the approach of iterative…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Byung-Hak Kim , Henry D. Pfister

Low-density parity check (LDPC) codes are a significant class of classical codes with many applications. Several good LDPC codes have been constructed using random, algebraic, and finite geometries approaches, with containing cycles of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-11-18 Salah A. Aly