Related papers: Effective Email Spam Detection System using Extrem…

In recent years, Cyber attacks have increased in number, and with them, the intensity of the attacks and their potential to damage the user have also increased significantly. In an ever-advancing world, users find it difficult to keep up…

Phishing and spam detection is long standing challenge that has been the subject of much academic research. Large Language Models (LLM) have vast potential to transform society and provide new and innovative approaches to solve…

Spam and phishing remain critical threats in cybersecurity, responsible for nearly 90% of security incidents. As these attacks grow in sophistication, the need for robust defensive mechanisms intensifies. Bayesian spam filters, like the…

Phishing email is a serious cyber threat that tries to deceive users by sending false emails with the intention of stealing confidential information or causing financial harm. Attackers, often posing as trustworthy entities, exploit…

This paper evaluates XGboost's performance given different dataset sizes and class distributions, from perfectly balanced to highly imbalanced. XGBoost has been selected for evaluation, as it stands out in several benchmarks due to its…

Social networking websites face a constant barrage of spam, unwanted messages that distract, annoy, and even defraud honest users. These messages tend to be very short, making them difficult to identify in isolation. Furthermore, spammers…

Anomalies in emails such as phishing and spam present major security risks such as the loss of privacy, money, and brand reputation to both individuals and organizations. Previous studies on email anomaly detection relied on a single type…

The proliferation of phishing sites and emails poses significant challenges to existing cybersecurity efforts. Despite advances in malicious email filters and email security protocols, problems with oversight and false positives persist.…

Unsolicited email (spam) is still a problem for users of the email service. Even though current email anti-spam solutions filter most spam emails, some spam emails still are delivered to the inbox of users. A special class of spam emails…

Deep learning transformer models become important by training on text data based on self-attention mechanisms. This manuscript demonstrated a novel universal spam detection model using pre-trained Google's Bidirectional Encoder…

Due to the rapid growth in technology employed by the spammers, there is a need of classifiers that are more efficient, generic and highly adaptive. Neural Network based technologies have high ability of adaption as well as generalization.…

It has recently been argued that a Naive Bayesian classifier can be used to filter unsolicited bulk e-mail ("spam"). We conduct a thorough evaluation of this proposal on a corpus that we make publicly available, contributing towards…

With the rise of various online and mobile payment systems, transaction fraud has become a significant threat to financial security. This study explores the application of advanced machine learning models, specifically based on XGBoost and…

Email threat is a serious issue for enterprise security. The threat can be in various malicious forms, such as phishing, fraud, blackmail and malvertisement. The traditional anti-spam gateway often maintains a greylist to filter out…

It is already reported in the literature that the performance of a machine learning algorithm is greatly impacted by performing proper Hyper-Parameter optimization. One of the ways to perform Hyper-Parameter optimization is by manual search…

Spam messages are an increasing threat to mobile communication. Several mitigation techniques have been proposed, including white and black listing, challenge-response and content-based filtering. However, none are perfect and it makes…

Traditional spam classification requires the end-user to reveal the content of its received email to the spam classifier which violates the privacy. Spam classification over encrypted emails enables the classifier to classify spam email…

Recent spam email techniques exploit visual effects in text messages, such as poisoning text, obfuscating words, and hidden text salting techniques. These effects were able to evade spam detection techniques based on the text. In this…

Corporate mail services are designed to perform better than public mail services. Fast mail delivery, large size file transfer as an attachments, high level spam and virus protection, commercial advertisement free environment are some of…

Spam costs US corporations upwards of $8.9 billion a year, and comprises as much as 40% of all email received. Solutions exist to reduce the amount of spam seen by end users, but cannot withstand sophisticated attacks. Worse yet, many will…