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Autoformalization aims to produce formal statements that compile and faithfully preserve the intended meaning of informal mathematics. Yet standard single-output evaluation protocols collapse a many-to-many problem into a single-output…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Haijian Lu , Wei Wang , Jing Liu

High-fidelity speech can be synthesized by end-to-end text-to-speech models in recent years. However, accessing and controlling speech attributes such as speaker identity, prosody, and emotion in a text-to-speech system remains a challenge.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-05 Zexin Cai , Chuxiong Zhang , Ming Li

Process Reward Models (PRMs) have emerged as a promising approach for improving LLM reasoning capabilities by providing process supervision over reasoning traces. However, existing approaches for constructing PRM training data remain costly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Ryo Kamoi , Yusen Zhang , Nan Zhang , Sarkar Snigdha Sarathi Das , Ranran Haoran Zhang , Wenpeng Yin , Rui Zhang

Fill-in-the-Middle (FIM) is a common pretraining method for code LLMs, where models complete code segments given surrounding context. However, existing LLMs treat code as plain text and mask random character spans. We propose and evaluate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Linyuan Gong , Alvin Cheung , Mostafa Elhoushi , Sida Wang

In runtime verification, the central problem is to decide if a given program execution violates a given property. In online runtime verification, a monitor observes a program's execution as it happens. If the program being observed has hard…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-05-15 Radu Grigore , Stefan Kiefer

Formalisation is the process of writing system requirements in a formal language. These requirements mostly originate in Natural Language. In the field of Formal Methods, formalisation is often identified as one of the most delicate and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Joost J. Joosten , Marina López Chamosa , Sofía Santiago Fernández

We introduce Tokenization with Split Trees (ToaST), a subword tokenization method that directly optimizes compression under a new recursive inference procedure. ToaST greedily splits each pretoken into a full binary tree using precomputed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Craig W. Schmidt , Michael Krumdick , Adam Wiemerslage , Seth Ebner , Varshini Reddy , Yuval Pinter , Chris Tanner

We propose a method for generating explainable rule sets from tree-ensemble learners using Answer Set Programming (ASP). To this end, we adopt a decompositional approach where the split structures of the base decision trees are exploited in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-09-20 Akihiro Takemura , Katsumi Inoue

Random forests are a widely used machine learning algorithm, but their computational efficiency is undermined when applied to large-scale datasets with numerous instances and useless features. Herein, we propose a nonparametric feature…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Xiaojun Mao , Liuhua Peng , Zhonglei Wang

Drug discovery is a complex, resource-intensive process requiring significant time and cost to bring new medicines to patients. Many generative models aim to accelerate drug discovery, but few produce synthetically accessible molecules.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-30 Zygimantas Jocys , Zhanxing Zhu , Henriette M. G. Willems , Katayoun Farrahi

This work aims to produce translations that convey source language content at a formality level that is appropriate for a particular audience. Framing this problem as a neural sequence-to-sequence task ideally requires training triplets…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-12-02 Xing Niu , Marine Carpuat

User queries in real-world recommendation systems often combine structured constraints (e.g., category, attributes) with unstructured preferences (e.g., product descriptions or reviews). We introduce HyST (Hybrid retrieval over…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Jiyoon Myung , Jihyeon Park , Joohyung Han

Composed Image Retrieval (CIR) uses a reference image and a modification text as a query to retrieve a target image satisfying the requirement of ``modifying the reference image according to the text instructions''. However, existing CIR…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Guozhi Qiu , Zhiwei Chen , Zixu Li , Qinlei Huang , Zhiheng Fu , Xuemeng Song , Yupeng Hu

As one type of machine-learning model, a "decision-tree ensemble model" (DTEM) is represented by a set of decision trees. A DTEM is mainly known to be valid for structured data; however, like other machine-learning models, it is difficult…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-05-25 Naoto Sato , Hironobu Kuruma , Yuichiroh Nakagawa , Hideto Ogawa

This paper presents a novel approach to automatically solving arithmetic word problems. This is the first algorithmic approach that can handle arithmetic problems with multiple steps and operations, without depending on additional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-08-23 Subhro Roy , Dan Roth

Automated test generation for web forms has been a longstanding challenge, exacerbated by the intrinsic human-centric design of forms and their complex, device-agnostic structures. We introduce an innovative approach, called FormNexus, for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-24 Parsa Alian , Noor Nashid , Mobina Shahbandeh , Ali Mesbah

Formants are the spectral maxima that result from acoustic resonances of the human vocal tract, and their accurate estimation is among the most fundamental speech processing problems. Recent work has been shown that those frequencies can…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-06-24 Yosi Shrem , Felix Kreuk , Joseph Keshet

Emotional speech synthesis aims to synthesize human voices with various emotional effects. The current studies are mostly focused on imitating an averaged style belonging to a specific emotion type. In this paper, we seek to generate speech…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-02 Kun Zhou , Berrak Sisman , Rajib Rana , B. W. Schuller , Haizhou Li

Rank and select queries are basic operations on sequences, with applications in compressed text indexes and other space-efficient data structures. One of the standard data structures supporting these queries is the wavelet tree. In this…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Eric Chiu , Dominik Kempa

Robust semantic segmentation under adverse conditions is crucial in real-world applications. To address this challenging task in practical scenarios where labeled normal condition images are not accessible in training, we propose FREST, a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Sohyun Lee , Namyup Kim , Sungyeon Kim , Suha Kwak