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Naturally, fine-grained recognition, e.g., vehicle identification or bird classification, has specific hierarchical labels, where fine categories are always harder to be classified than coarse categories. However, most of the recent deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-29 Xinjie Li , Chun Yang , Songlu Chen , Chao Zhu , Xu-Cheng Yin

Class-incremental learning (CIL) has been widely studied under the setting of starting from a small number of classes (base classes). Instead, we explore an understudied real-world setting of CIL that starts with a strong model pre-trained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-13 Tz-Ying Wu , Gurumurthy Swaminathan , Zhizhong Li , Avinash Ravichandran , Nuno Vasconcelos , Rahul Bhotika , Stefano Soatto

Fine-tuning vision-language models (VLMs) with large amounts of unlabeled data has recently garnered significant interest. However, a key challenge remains the lack of high-quality pseudo-labeled data. Current pseudo-labeling strategies…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Hairui Ren , Fan Tang , He Zhao , Zixuan Wang , Dandan Guo , Yi Chang

Sequential recommendation involves automatically recommending the next item to users based on their historical item sequence. While most prior research employs RNN or transformer methods to glean information from the item…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Xiaofan Zhou

In most works on deep incremental learning research, it is assumed that novel samples are pre-identified for neural network retraining. However, practical deep classifiers often misidentify these samples, leading to erroneous predictions.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-09 Jiawen Xu , Claas Grohnfeldt , Odej Kao

In-Context Learning (ICL) has become a powerful paradigm that enables LLMs to perform a wide range of tasks without task-specific fine-tuning. However, the effectiveness of ICL heavily depends on the quality of exemplar selection. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Jiaqian Li , Qisheng Hu , Jing Li , Wenya Wang

Usually considered as a classification problem, entity resolution (ER) can be very challenging on real data due to the prevalence of dirty values. The state-of-the-art solutions for ER were built on a variety of learning models (most…

Databases · Computer Science 2019-06-17 Boyi Hou , Qun Chen , Yanyan Wang , Youcef Nafa , Zhanhuai Li

In-context learning (ICL) is the ability of a large language model (LLM) to learn a new task from a few demonstrations presented as part of the context. Past studies have attributed a large portion of the success of ICL to the way these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Ioana Marinescu , Kyunghyun Cho , Eric Karl Oermann

Recently, contrastive learning has achieved great results in self-supervised learning, where the main idea is to push two augmentations of an image (positive pairs) closer compared to other random images (negative pairs). We argue that not…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-13 Ajinkya Tejankar , Soroush Abbasi Koohpayegani , Vipin Pillai , Paolo Favaro , Hamed Pirsiavash

Inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) denotes a powerful family of algorithms for recovering a reward function justifying the behavior demonstrated by an expert agent. A well-known limitation of IRL is the ambiguity in the choice of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-26 Alberto Maria Metelli , Filippo Lazzati , Marcello Restelli

The aim of Inverse Reinforcement Learning (IRL) is to infer a reward function $R$ from a policy $\pi$. This problem is difficult, for several reasons. First of all, there are typically multiple reward functions which are compatible with a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Joar Skalse , Alessandro Abate

Although existing semantic segmentation approaches achieve impressive results, they still struggle to update their models incrementally as new categories are uncovered. Furthermore, pixel-by-pixel annotations are expensive and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-04 Fabio Cermelli , Dario Fontanel , Antonio Tavera , Marco Ciccone , Barbara Caputo

The dynamic nature of open-world scenarios has attracted more attention to class incremental learning (CIL). However, existing CIL methods typically presume the availability of complete ground-truth labels throughout the training process,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Jiaming Liu , Hongyuan Liu , Zhili Qin , Wei Han , Yulu Fan , Qinli Yang , Junming Shao

In-context learning (ICL) allows large models to adapt to tasks using a few examples, yet its extension to vision-language models (VLMs) remains fragile. Our analysis reveals that the fundamental limitation lies in an inductive gap, models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Haoyu Wang , Haonan Wang , Yuyan Chen , Jun Chen , Gang Liu , Qian Wang , Jiahong Yan , Yanghua Xiao

For data-driven iterative learning control (ILC) methods, both the model estimation and controller design problems are converted to parameter estimation problems for some chosen model structures. It is well-known that if the model order is…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-08 Xian Yu , Xiaozhu Fang , Biqiang Mu , Tianshi Chen

The presence of label noise often misleads the training of deep neural networks. Departing from the recent literature which largely assumes the label noise rate is only determined by the true label class, the errors in human-annotated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-31 Zhaowei Zhu , Tongliang Liu , Yang Liu

In class-incremental learning, a learning agent faces a stream of data with the goal of learning new classes while not forgetting previous ones. Neural networks are known to suffer under this setting, as they forget previously acquired…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Federico Pernici , Matteo Bruni , Claudio Baecchi , Francesco Turchini , Alberto Del Bimbo

We analyze continual learning on a sequence of separable linear classification tasks with binary labels. We show theoretically that learning with weak regularization reduces to solving a sequential max-margin problem, corresponding to a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Itay Evron , Edward Moroshko , Gon Buzaglo , Maroun Khriesh , Badea Marjieh , Nathan Srebro , Daniel Soudry

With the increasing ability of large language models (LLMs), in-context learning (ICL) has evolved as a new paradigm for natural language processing (NLP), where instead of fine-tuning the parameters of an LLM specific to a downstream task…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Andrew Parry , Debasis Ganguly , Manish Chandra

As large language models continue to develop and expand, the extensive public data they rely on faces the risk of depletion. Consequently, leveraging private data within organizations to enhance the performance of large models has emerged…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Dongcheng Li , Junhan Chen , Aoxiang Zhou , Chunpei Li , Youquan Xian , Peng Liu , Xianxian Li