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Simultaneous speech translation (SimulST) translates partial speech inputs incrementally. Although the monotonic correspondence between input and output is preferable for smaller latency, it is not the case for distant language pairs such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Yuka Ko , Ryo Fukuda , Yuta Nishikawa , Yasumasa Kano , Katsuhito Sudoh , Satoshi Nakamura

Simultaneous machine translation (SiMT) starts its translation before reading the whole source sentence and employs either fixed or adaptive policy to generate the target sentence. Compared to the fixed policy, the adaptive policy achieves…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-24 Shoutao Guo , Shaolei Zhang , Yang Feng

Transfer Learning (TL) offers the potential to accelerate learning by transferring knowledge across tasks. However, it faces critical challenges such as negative transfer, domain adaptation and inefficiency in selecting solid source…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Alessandro Capurso , Elia Piccoli , Davide Bacciu

Simultaneous translation, which starts translating each sentence after receiving only a few words in source sentence, has a vital role in many scenarios. Although the previous prefix-to-prefix framework is considered suitable for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-03 Zhengxin Yang

Simultaneous speech translation (SST) aims to provide real-time translation of spoken language, even before the speaker finishes their sentence. Traditionally, SST has been addressed primarily by cascaded systems that decompose the task…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Peter Polák

Standard decoders for neural machine translation autoregressively generate a single target token per time step, which slows inference especially for long outputs. While architectural advances such as the Transformer fully parallelize the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Nader Akoury , Kalpesh Krishna , Mohit Iyyer

Simultaneous speech translation (SimulST) produces translations incrementally while processing partial speech input. Although large language models (LLMs) have showcased strong capabilities in offline translation tasks, applying them to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Biao Fu , Donglei Yu , Minpeng Liao , Chengxi Li , Yidong Chen , Kai Fan , Xiaodong Shi

Simultaneous speech translation (SimulST) is a challenging task aiming to translate streaming speech before the complete input is observed. A SimulST system generally includes two components: the pre-decision that aggregates the speech…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-05 Chih-Chiang Chang , Hung-yi Lee

Simultaneous Machine Translation (SiMT) aims to yield a real-time partial translation with a monotonically growing the source-side context. However, there is a counterintuitive phenomenon about the context usage between training and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Meizhi Zhong , Lemao Liu , Kehai Chen , Mingming Yang , Min Zhang

Translating in real-time, a.k.a. simultaneous translation, outputs translation words before the input sentence ends, which is a challenging problem for conventional machine translation methods. We propose a neural machine translation (NMT)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-01-12 Jiatao Gu , Graham Neubig , Kyunghyun Cho , Victor O. K. Li

Sign language translation as a kind of technology with profound social significance has attracted growing researchers' interest in recent years. However, the existing sign language translation methods need to read all the videos before…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-09 Aoxiong Yin , Zhou Zhao , Jinglin Liu , Weike Jin , Meng Zhang , Xingshan Zeng , Xiaofei He

Simultaneous Machine Translation (SiMT) generates target translations while reading the source sentence. It relies on a policy to determine the optimal timing for reading sentences and generating translations. Existing SiMT methods…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Shoutao Guo , Shaolei Zhang , Zhengrui Ma , Min Zhang , Yang Feng

Transfer learning from high-resource languages is known to be an efficient way to improve end-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR) for low-resource languages. Pre-trained or jointly trained encoder-decoder models, however, do not share…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-12 Changhan Wang , Juan Pino , Jiatao Gu

We present a novel approach to efficiently learn a simultaneous translation model with coupled programmer-interpreter policies. First, wepresent an algorithmic oracle to produce oracle READ/WRITE actions for training bilingual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-26 Philip Arthur , Trevor Cohn , Gholamreza Haffari

Simultaneous machine translation (SiMT) has traditionally relied on offline machine translation models coupled with human-engineered heuristics or learned policies. We propose Hikari, a policy-free, fully end-to-end model that performs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Roman Koshkin , Jeon Haesung , Lianbo Liu , Hao Shi , Mengjie Zhao , Yusuke Fujita , Yui Sudo

Simultaneous machine translation, which aims at a real-time translation, is useful in many live scenarios but very challenging due to the trade-off between accuracy and latency. To achieve the balance for both, the model needs to wait for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-22 Lei Lin , Shuangtao Li , Xiaodong Shi

We investigate the problem of simultaneous machine translation of long-form speech content. We target a continuous speech-to-text scenario, generating translated captions for a live audio feed, such as a lecture or play-by-play commentary.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-09 Naveen Arivazhagan , Colin Cherry , Te I , Wolfgang Macherey , Pallavi Baljekar , George Foster

Simultaneous speech-to-text translation is widely useful in many scenarios. The conventional cascaded approach uses a pipeline of streaming ASR followed by simultaneous MT, but suffers from error propagation and extra latency. To alleviate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Junkun Chen , Mingbo Ma , Renjie Zheng , Liang Huang

Simultaneous machine translation (SMT) takes streaming input utterances and incrementally produces target text. Existing SMT methods mainly use the partial utterance that has already arrived at the input and the generated hypothesis.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Siqi Ouyang , Oleksii Hrinchuk , Zhehuai Chen , Vitaly Lavrukhin , Jagadeesh Balam , Lei Li , Boris Ginsburg

Adaptive policies are better than fixed policies for simultaneous translation, since they can flexibly balance the tradeoff between translation quality and latency based on the current context information. But previous methods on obtaining…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-05 Baigong Zheng , Kaibo Liu , Renjie Zheng , Mingbo Ma , Hairong Liu , Liang Huang