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Related papers: Detectability of biosignatures on LHS 1140 b

200 papers

Here we review how environmental context can be used to interpret whether O2 is a biosignature in extrasolar planetary observations. This paper builds on the overview of current biosignature research discussed in Schwieterman et al. (2017),…

Proxima b is a rocky exoplanet in the habitable zone of the nearest star system and a key test case in the search for extraterrestrial life. Here, we investigate the characterization of a potential Earth-like atmosphere around Proxima b in…

The first transmission spectrum of the habitable-zone sub-Neptune K2-18 b with JWST has opened a new avenue for atmospheric characterisation of temperate low-mass exoplanets. The observations led to inferences of methane and carbon dioxide,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-23 Lorenzo Pica-Ciamarra , Nikku Madhusudhan , Gregory J. Cooke , Savvas Constantinou , Martin Binet

We investigate the potential for the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) to detect and characterize the atmospheres of the sub-Neptunian exoplanets in the TOI-270 system. Sub-Neptunes are considered more likely to be water worlds than gas…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-05-13 J. Chouqar , Z. Benkhaldoun , A. Jabiri , J. Lustig-Yaeger , A. Soubkiou , A. Szentgyorgyi

The first detected member of a new astronomical class is often not representative of the underlying population, but instead reflects the selection effects of the observing technique that found it. We apply this idea to the first remote…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-19 Ravi Kopparapu

This study aims to identify exemplary science cases for observing N$_2$O, CH$_3$Cl, and CH$_3$Br in exoplanet atmospheres at abundances consistent with biogenic production using a space-based mid-infrared nulling interferometric…

Lightning has been suggested to play a role in triggering the occurrence of bio-ready chemical species. Future missions (PLATO, ARIEL, HWO, LIFE) and ground-based ELTs will investigate the atmospheres of potentially habitable exoplanets. We…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-02-22 Patrick Barth , Eva E. Stüeken , Christiane Helling , Edward W. Schwieterman , Jon Telling

Investigating the atmospheres of rocky exoplanets is key to performing comparative planetology between these worlds and the terrestrial planets that reside in the inner solar system. Terrestrial exoplanet atmospheres exhibit weak signals,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-06-19 Hannah Diamond-Lowe , Zachory Berta-Thompson , David Charbonneau , Jason Dittmann , Eliza M. -R. Kempton

We report the detection of an atmosphere on a rocky exoplanet, GJ 1132 b, which is similar to Earth in terms of size and density. The atmospheric transmission spectrum was detected using Hubble WFC3 measurements and shows spectral…

We perform modeling investigations to aid in understanding the atmospheres and composition of small planets of ~2-4 Earth radii, which are now known to be common in our galaxy. GJ 1214b is a well studied example whose atmospheric…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 Jonathan J. Fortney , Christoph Mordasini , Nadine Nettelmann , Eliza M. -R. Kempton , Thomas P. Greene , Kevin Zahnle

The near-term search for life beyond the solar system currently focuses on transiting planets orbiting small M dwarfs, and the challenges of detecting signs of life in their atmospheres. However, planets orbiting white dwarfs (WDs) would…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-09-18 Lisa Kaltenegger , Ryan J. MacDonald , Thea Kozakis , Nikole K. Lewis , Eric E. Mamajek , Jonathan C. McDowell , Andrew Vanderburg

The search for life on exoplanets is one of the grand scientific challenges of our time. The strategy to date has been to find (e.g., through transit surveys like Kepler) Earth-like exoplanets in their stars habitable zone, then use…

Oxygen is a well-studied biosignature. Studying potential abiotic pathways for O2 build-up in exoplanet atmospheres is essential for evaluating whether the detection of O2 would constitute a biosignature detection on other worlds. Previous…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-12 Margaret Turcotte Seavey , Shawn Domagal-Goldman , Amber Young , Jaime Crouse , Jacob Lustig-Yaeger , Giada Arney

Atmospheres of transiting extrasolar giant planets (EGPs) such as HD 209458 b must impose features on the spectra of their parent stars during transits; these features contain information about the physical conditions and chemical…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 Timothy M. Brown

WASP-69b and KELT-11b are two low-density hot Jupiters, which are expected to show strong atmospheric features in their transmission spectra. Such features offer valuable insights into the chemical composition, thermal structure, and cloud…

Thousands of transiting exoplanets have already been detected orbiting a wide range of host stars, including the first planets that could potentially be similar to Earth. The upcoming Extremely Large Telescopes and the James Webb Space…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-03-10 Lisa Kaltenegger , Zifan Lin

Most rocky planets in the galaxy orbit a cool host star, and there is large uncertainty among theoretical models whether these planets can retain an atmosphere. The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) might be able to settle this question…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-01-08 Daniel D. B. Koll , Matej Malik , Megan Mansfield , Eliza M. -R. Kempton , Edwin Kite , Dorian Abbot , Jacob L. Bean

Telescope missions are currently being designed which will make direct imaging of habitable exoplanets possible in the near future, and studies are needed to quantify the detectability of biosignature features in the planet's reflectance…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-09-12 Connor O. Metz , Nancy Y. Kiang , Geronimo L. Villanueva , Mary N. Parenteau , Vincent Kofman

With the recent discoveries of terrestrial planets around active M-dwarfs, destruction processes masking the possible presence of life are receiving increased attention in the exoplanet community. We investigate potential biosignatures of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-08-08 Markus Scheucher , J. L. Grenfell , F. Wunderlich , M. Godolt , F. Schreier , H. Rauer

In the past decade, the analysis of exoplanet atmospheric spectra has revealed the presence of water vapour in almost all the planets observed, with the exception of a fraction of overcast planets. Indeed, water vapour presents a large…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-11-25 Quentin Changeat , Billy Edwards , Ahmed F. Al-Refaie , Mario Morvan , Angelos Tsiaras , Ingo P. Waldmann , Giovanna Tinetti