Related papers: A Nearly Similar Powerful Test for Mediation
Traditional mediation analysis typically examines the relations among an intervention, a time-invariant mediator, and a time-invariant outcome variable. Although there may be a direct effect of the intervention on the outcome, there is a…
Although the exposure can be randomly assigned in studies of mediation effects, any form of direct intervention on the mediator is often infeasible. As a result, unmeasured mediator-outcome confounding can seldom be ruled out. We propose…
Causal mediation analysis decomposes the total treatment effect into a portion operating through a hypothesized mediator and a residual direct portion. Identification of natural direct and indirect effects typically rests on the mediator…
It is demonstrated that any almost-tilting module over a gentle algebra is indeed partial-tilting, meaning it can be completed as a tilting module. Furthermore, such a module has at most $2n$ possible complements, thereby confirming a…
We propose a novel finite-sample procedure for testing composite null hypotheses. Traditional likelihood ratio tests based on asymptotic $\chi^2$ approximations often exhibit substantial bias in small samples. Our procedure rejects the…
Many scientific applications involve testing theories that are only partially specified. This task often amounts to testing the goodness-of-fit of a candidate distribution while allowing for reasonable deviations from it. The tolerant…
A mediator can help non-cooperative agents obtain an equilibrium that may otherwise not be possible. We study the ability of players to obtain the same equilibrium without a mediator, using only cheap talk, that is, nonbinding pre-play…
E-commerce companies have a number of online products, such as organic search, sponsored search, and recommendation modules, to fulfill customer needs. Although each of these products provides a unique opportunity for users to interact with…
Social and behavioral scientists are increasingly employing technologies such as fMRI, smartphones, and gene sequencing, which yield 'high-dimensional' datasets with more columns than rows. There is increasing interest, but little…
We consider the porous medium equation with a power-like reaction term, posed on Riemannian manifolds. Under certain assumptions on $p$ and $m$ in (1.1), and for small enough nonnegative initial data, we prove existence of global in time…
In the era of fast-paced precision medicine, observational studies play a major role in properly evaluating new treatments in clinical practice. Yet, unobserved confounding can significantly compromise causal conclusions drawn from…
A strong mode of a probability measure on a normed space $X$ can be defined as a point $u$ such that the mass of the ball centred at $u$ uniformly dominates the mass of all other balls in the small-radius limit. Helin and Burger weakened…
We prove a quantitative version of the Gibbard-Satterthwaite theorem. We show that a uniformly chosen voter profile for a neutral social choice function f of $q \ge 4$ alternatives and n voters will be manipulable with probability at least…
Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used for persuasion, such as in political communication and marketing, where they affect how people think, choose, and act. Yet, empirical findings on the effectiveness of LLMs in persuasion…
Based on two independent samples X_1,...,X_m and X_{m+1},...,X_n drawn from multivariate distributions with unknown Lebesgue densities p and q respectively, we propose an exact multiple test in order to identify simultaneously regions of…
We consider the problem of testing whether pairs of univariate random variables are associated. Few tests of independence exist that are consistent against all dependent alternatives and are distribution free. We propose novel tests that…
Decomposing an exposure effect on an outcome into separate natural indirect effects through multiple mediators requires strict assumptions, such as correctly postulating the causal structure of the mediators, and no unmeasured confounding…
The use of language-model-based question-answering systems to aid humans in completing difficult tasks is limited, in part, by the unreliability of the text these systems generate. Using hard multiple-choice reading comprehension questions…
When we use the normal mixture model, the optimal number of the components describing the data should be determined. Testing homogeneity is good for this purpose; however, to construct its theory is challenging, since the test statistic…
We study the problem of election control through social influence when the manipulator is allowed to use the locations that she acquired on the network for sending \emph{both} positive and negative messages on \emph{multiple} candidates,…