Related papers: A Nearly Similar Powerful Test for Mediation
Rising animosity toward ideological opponents poses critical societal challenges. We introduce and test the Ideological Turing Test, a gamified framework requiring participants to adopt and defend opposing viewpoints, to reduce affective…
In this paper, after a discussion of general properties of statistical tests, we present the construction of the most powerful hypothesis test for determining the existence of a new phenomenon in counting-type experiments where the observed…
Statistical techniques are used in all branches of science to determine the feasibility of quantitative hypotheses. One of the most basic applications of statistical techniques in comparative analysis is the test of equality of two…
A massive dataset often consists of a growing number of (potentially) heterogeneous sub-populations. This paper is concerned about testing various forms of heterogeneity arising from massive data. In a general nonparametric framework, a set…
Standard tests of the "no-treatment-effect" hypothesis for a comparative experiment include permutation tests, the Wilcoxon rank sum test, two-sample $t$ tests, and Fisher-type randomization tests. Practitioners are aware that these…
Understanding statistical inference under possibly non-sparse high-dimensional models has gained much interest recently. For a given component of the regression coefficient, we show that the difficulty of the problem depends on the sparsity…
We propose the density ratio permutation test, a hypothesis test that assesses whether the ratio between two densities is proportional to a known function based on independent samples from each distribution. The test uses an efficient…
We propose a matching method that recovers direct treatment effects from randomized experiments where units are connected in an observed network, and units that share edges can potentially influence each others' outcomes. Traditional…
Recent signs of a Standard Model-like Higgs at 125 GeV point towards large A-terms in the MSSM. This presents special challenges for gauge mediation, which by itself predicts vanishing A-terms at the messenger scale. In this paper, we…
Classical two-sample permutation tests for equality of distributions have exact size in finite samples, but they fail to control size for testing equality of parameters that summarize each distribution. This paper proposes permutation tests…
This paper concerns global existence for arbitrary nonzero surface tension of bubbles in a Hele-Shaw cell that translate in the presence of a pressure gradient. When the cell width to bubble size is sufficiently large, we show that a unique…
We propose a new inferential framework for constructing confidence regions and testing hypotheses in statistical models specified by a system of high dimensional estimating equations. We construct an influence function by projecting the…
Mechanistic and tractable mathematical models play a key role in understanding how social influence shapes public opinions. Recently, a weighted-median mechanism has been proposed as a new micro-foundation of opinion dynamics and validated…
Causal mediation analysis is an important statistical method in social and medical studies, as it can provide insights about why an intervention works and inform the development of future interventions. Currently, most causal mediation…
We present a novel method for testing the hypothesis of equality of two correlation matrices using paired high-dimensional datasets. We consider test statistics based on the average of squares, maximum and sum of exceedances of Fisher…
Equivalence tests, otherwise known as parity or similarity tests, are frequently used in ``bioequivalence studies" to establish practical equivalence rather than the usual statistical significant difference. In this article, we propose an…
Mediation analysis plays a crucial role in causal inference as it can investigate the pathways through which treatment influences outcome. Most existing mediation analysis assumes that mediation effects are static and homogeneous within…
Tensions between cosmological measurements by different surveys or probes have always been important --- and are presently much discussed --- as they may lead to evidence of new physics. Several tests have been devised to probe the…
Permutation tests are widely used in statistics, providing a finite-sample guarantee on the type I error rate whenever the distribution of the samples under the null hypothesis is invariant to some rearrangement. Despite its increasing…
Data-driven most powerful tests are statistical hypothesis decision-making tools that deliver the greatest power against a fixed null hypothesis among all corresponding data-based tests of a given size. When the underlying data…