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Jailbreaking attacks can effectively manipulate open-source large language models (LLMs) to produce harmful responses. However, these attacks exhibit limited transferability, failing to disrupt proprietary LLMs consistently. To reliably…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Runqi Lin , Bo Han , Fengwang Li , Tongling Liu

It has been demonstrated that deep neural networks outperform traditional machine learning. However, deep networks lack generalisability, that is, they will not perform as good as in a new (testing) set drawn from a different distribution…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-28 Bruno Casella , Alessio Barbaro Chisari , Sebastiano Battiato , Mario Valerio Giuffrida

In reinforcement learning applications like robotics, agents usually need to deal with various input/output features when specified with different state/action spaces by their developers or physical restrictions. This indicates unnecessary…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-12-20 Minghuan Liu , Zhengbang Zhu , Menghui Zhu , Yuzheng Zhuang , Weinan Zhang , Jianye Hao

Vision Transformers (ViTs) have demonstrated impressive performance across a range of applications, including many safety-critical tasks. However, their unique architectural properties raise new challenges and opportunities in adversarial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Jiani Liu , Zhiyuan Wang , Zeliang Zhang , Chao Huang , Susan Liang , Yunlong Tang , Chenliang Xu

Transfer Learning aims to optimally aggregate samples from a target distribution, with related samples from a so-called source distribution to improve target risk. Multiple procedures have been proposed over the last two decades to address…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-04-29 Steve Hanneke , Samory Kpotufe

Active learning is an important machine learning problem in reducing the human labeling effort. Current active learning strategies are designed from human knowledge, and are applied on each dataset in an immutable manner. In other words,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-08-03 Hong-Min Chu , Hsuan-Tien Lin

End-to-end neural TTS training has shown improved performance in speech style transfer. However, the improvement is still limited by the training data in both target styles and speakers. Inadequate style transfer performance occurs when the…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-06-21 Xiaochun An , Frank K. Soong , Lei Xie

When the available data for a target domain is limited, transfer learning (TL) methods can be used to develop models on related data-rich domains, before deploying them on the target domain. However, these TL methods are typically designed…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-08-06 Ricardo Ribeiro Pereira , Jacopo Bono , Hugo Ferreira , Pedro Ribeiro , Carlos Soares , Pedro Bizarro

A growing number of state-of-the-art transfer learning methods employ language models pretrained on large generic corpora. In this paper we present a conceptually simple and effective transfer learning approach that addresses the problem of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-03 Alexandra Chronopoulou , Christos Baziotis , Alexandros Potamianos

Quantile regression is increasingly encountered in modern big data applications due to its robustness and flexibility. We consider the scenario of learning the conditional quantiles of a specific target population when the available data…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-02-27 Jun Jin , Jun Yan , Robert H. Aseltine , Kun Chen

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) demonstrate exceptional performance in cross-modality interaction, yet they also suffer adversarial vulnerabilities. In particular, the transferability of adversarial examples remains an ongoing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Hao Cheng , Erjia Xiao , Jiayan Yang , Jinhao Duan , Yichi Wang , Jiahang Cao , Qiang Zhang , Le Yang , Kaidi Xu , Jindong Gu , Renjing Xu

With the great advancements in large language models (LLMs), adversarial attacks against LLMs have recently attracted increasing attention. We found that pre-existing adversarial attack methodologies exhibit limited transferability and are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Zelin Li , Kehai Chen , Lemao Liu , Xuefeng Bai , Mingming Yang , Yang Xiang , Min Zhang

Transferring knowledge from prior source tasks in solving a new target task can be useful in several learning applications. The application of transfer poses two serious challenges which have not been adequately addressed. First, the agent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-09-23 Janarthanan Rajendran , Aravind Srinivas , Mitesh M. Khapra , P Prasanna , Balaraman Ravindran

Transfer learning is widely used for transferring knowledge from a source domain to the target domain where the labeled data is scarce. Recently, deep transfer learning has achieved remarkable progress in various applications. However, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-07 Cen Chen , Bingzhe Wu , Minghui Qiu , Li Wang , Jun Zhou

Many existing adversarial attacks generate $L_p$-norm perturbations on image RGB space. Despite some achievements in transferability and attack success rate, the crafted adversarial examples are easily perceived by human eyes. Towards…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-01 Jianqi Chen , Hao Chen , Keyan Chen , Yilan Zhang , Zhengxia Zou , Zhenwei Shi

Though CNNs have achieved the state-of-the-art performance on various vision tasks, they are vulnerable to adversarial examples --- crafted by adding human-imperceptible perturbations to clean images. However, most of the existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-06-04 Cihang Xie , Zhishuai Zhang , Yuyin Zhou , Song Bai , Jianyu Wang , Zhou Ren , Alan Yuille

Autonomous offensive agents often fail to transfer beyond the networks on which they are trained. We isolate a minimal but fundamental shift -- unseen host/subnet IP reassignment in an otherwise fixed enterprise scenario -- and evaluate…

Deep neural networks are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, where a small perturbation to an input alters the model prediction. In many cases, malicious inputs intentionally crafted for one model can fool another model. In this paper, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-23 Liping Yuan , Xiaoqing Zheng , Yi Zhou , Cho-Jui Hsieh , Kai-wei Chang

This paper addresses the problem of transferring useful knowledge from a source network to predict node labels in a newly formed target network. While existing transfer learning research has primarily focused on vector-based data, in which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-11-15 Meng Fang , Jie Yin , Xingquan Zhu

Deep learning-based image denoising models demonstrate remarkable performance, but their lack of robustness analysis remains a significant concern. A major issue is that these models are susceptible to adversarial attacks, where small,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Jie Ning , Jiebao Sun , Shengzhu Shi , Zhichang Guo , Yao Li , Hongwei Li , Boying Wu