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An equitable coloring of a graph $G=(V,E)$ is a (proper) vertex-coloring of $G$, such that the sizes of any two color classes differ by at most one. In this paper, we consider the equitable coloring problem in block graphs. Recall that the…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Hanna Furmańczyk , Vahan Mkrtchyan

A graph $G$ is $k$-locally sparse if for each vertex $v \in V(G)$, the subgraph induced by its neighborhood contains at most $k$ edges. Alon, Krivelevich, and Sudakov showed that for $f > 0$ if a graph $G$ of maximum degree $\Delta$ is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-17 James Anderson , Abhishek Dhawan , Aiya Kuchukova

A $k$-coloring of a graph $G=(V,E)$ is called semi-equitable if there exists a partition of its vertex set into independent subsets $V_1,\ldots,V_k$ in such a way that $|V_1| \notin \{\lceil |V|/k\rceil, \lfloor |V|/k \rfloor\}$ and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-11-06 H. Furmańczyk , M. Kubale

We consider the single-conflict coloring problem, a graph coloring problem in which each edge of a graph receives a forbidden ordered color pair. The task is to find a vertex coloring such that no two adjacent vertices receive a pair of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-16 Peter Bradshaw , Tomáš Masařík

Given a simple undirected graph $G=(V,E)$ and a partition of the vertex set $V$ into $p$ parts, the \textsc{Partition Coloring Problem} asks if we can select one vertex from each part of the partition such that the chromatic number of the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-07-29 Zhenyu Guo , Mingyu Xiao , Yi Zhou

A conflict-free k-coloring of a graph assigns one of k different colors to some of the vertices such that, for every vertex v, there is a color that is assigned to exactly one vertex among v and v's neighbors. Such colorings have…

A packing $k$-coloring for some integer $k$ of a graph $G=(V,E)$ is a mapping $\varphi:V\to\{1,\ldots,k\}$ such that any two vertices $u, v$ of color $\varphi(u)=\varphi(v)$ are in distance at least $\varphi(u)+1$. This concept is motivated…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2018-05-23 Minki Kim , Bernard Lidický , Tomáš Masařík , Florian Pfender

In this paper, we study the conflict-free coloring of graphs induced by neighborhoods. A coloring of a graph is conflict-free if every vertex has a uniquely colored vertex in its neighborhood. The conflict-free coloring problem is to color…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-10-03 I. Vinod Reddy

We study a certain relaxation of the classic vertex coloring problem, namely, a coloring of vertices of undirected, simple graphs, such that there are no monochromatic triangles. We give the first classification of the problem in terms of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-10-20 Michał Karpiński , Krzysztof Piecuch

We introduce a variant of the graph coloring problem, which we denote as {\sc Budgeted Coloring Problem} (\bcp). Given a graph $G$, an integer $c$ and an ordered list of integers $\{b_1, b_2, \ldots, b_c\}$, \bcp asks whether there exists a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-10-28 Susobhan Bandopadhyay , Suman Banerjee , Aritra Banik , Venkatesh Raman

Common definitions of the "standard" LOCAL model tend to be sloppy and even self-contradictory on one point: do the nodes update their state using an arbitrary function or a computable function? So far, this distinction has been safe to…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Antonio Cruciani , Avinandan Das , Massimo Equi , Henrik Lievonen , Diep Luong-Le , Augusto Modanese , Jukka Suomela

A {\em restraint} on a (finite undirected) graph $G = (V,E)$ is a function $r$ on $V$ such that $r(v)$ is a finite subset of ${\mathbb N}$; a proper vertex colouring $c$ of $G$ is {\em permitted} by $r$ if $c(v) \not\in r(v)$ for all…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-11-29 Jason I. Brown , Aysel Erey , Jian Li

The chromatic discrepancy of a graph $G$, denoted $\phi(G)$, is the least over all proper colourings $\sigma$ of $G$ of the greatest difference between the number of colours $|\sigma(V(H))|$ spanned by an induced subgraph $H$ of $G$ and its…

Given a graph $G =(V,E)$, a bijection $f: E \rightarrow \{1, 2, \dots,|E|\}$ is called a local antimagic labeling of $G$ if the vertex weight $w(u) = \sum_{uv \in E} f(uv)$ is distinct for all adjacent vertices. The vertex weights under the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-10-30 Ravindra Pawar , Tarkeshwar Singh , Adarsh Handa , Aloysius Godinho

Let $G = (V,E)$ be a connected simple graph of order $p$ and size $q$. A graph $G$ is called local antimagic if $G$ admits a local antimagic labeling. A bijection $f : E \to \{1,2,\ldots,q\}$ is called a local antimagic labeling of $G$ if…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-03-15 Gee-Choon Lau , Wai-Chee Shiu

The List-3-Coloring Problem is to decide, given a graph $G$ and a list $L(v)\subseteq \{1,2,3\}$ of colors assigned to each vertex $v$ of $G$, whether $G$ admits a proper coloring $\phi$ with $\phi(v)\in L(v)$ for every vertex $v$ of $G$,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-04-03 Sepehr Hajebi , Yanjia Li , Sophie Spirkl

Graph colouring is a fundamental problem for networks, serving as a tool for avoiding conflicts via symmetry breaking, for example, avoiding multiple computer processes simultaneously updating the same resource. This paper considers a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Duncan Adamson , George B. Mertzios , Paul G. Spirakis

$(1^a, 2^b)$-coloring is the problem of partitioning the vertex set of a graph into $a$ independent sets and $b$ 2-independent sets. This problem was recently introduced by Choi and Liu. We study the computational complexity and extremal…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-16 Thomas Delépine

For an integer $r>0$, a conditional $(k,r)$-coloring of a graph $G$ is a proper $k$-coloring of the vertices of $G$ such that every vertex $v$ of degree $d(v)$ in $G$ is adjacent to vertices with at least $min\{r, d(v)\}$ different colors.…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2007-11-20 Xueliang Li , Xiangmei Yao , Wenli Zhou

In this paper, we consider distributed coloring for planar graphs with a small number of colors. We present an optimal (up to a constant factor) $O(\log{n})$ time algorithm for 6-coloring planar graphs. Our algorithm is based on a novel…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-04-03 Shiri Chechik , Doron Mukhtar