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The troposphere is one of the atmospheric layers where most weather phenomena occur. Temperature variations in the troposphere, especially at 500 hPa, a typical level of the middle troposphere, are significant indicators of future weather…
Air pollution is known to be a major threat for human and ecosystem health. A proper understanding of the factors generating pollution and of the behavior of air pollution in time is crucial to support the development of effective policies…
The reduction and control of particulate matter generated by fossil fuel combustion are among the main issues for actual and future combustion devices due to the increasingly stringent emission regulations. Recently, various fuels have been…
It is now understood that the accretion of terrestrial planets naturally involves giant collisions, the moon-forming impact being a well known example. In the aftermath of such collisions the surface of the surviving planet is very hot and…
Modeling atmospheric chemistry is complex and computationally intense. Given the recent success of Deep neural networks in digital signal processing, we propose a Neural Network Emulator for fast chemical concentration modeling. We consider…
Although transit spectroscopy is a powerful method for studying the composition, thermal properties and dynamics of exoplanet atmospheres, only a few transiting terrestrial exoplanets will be close enough to allow significant transit…
In this Research Note, I use my single-column climate model to explicitly show that the moist greenhouse surface temperature threshold is sensitive to stratospheric temperature. I argue that this explains most of the discrepancy between 1-D…
The effect of precipitating high-energy particles on atmospheric physics and chemistry is extensively studied over the last decade. In majority of the existing models, the precipitating particles induced ionization plays an essential role.…
Methane (CH4) is the second most critical greenhouse gas after carbon dioxide, contributing to 16-25% of the observed atmospheric warming. Wetlands are the primary natural source of methane emissions globally. However, wetland methane…
This report presents new EOS and strength models for use in numerical hydrocode simulations of dust impacts on the NASA solar probe space vehicle. This spacecraft will be subjected to impact at velocities up to 300 km/s, producing pressures…
Climate change results in altered air and water temperatures. Increases affect physicochemical properties, such as oxygen concentration, and can shift species distribution and survival, with consequences for ecosystem functioning and…
We present results of an investigation into the formation of nitrogen-bearing molecules in the atmosphere of Titan. We extend a previous model (Li et al. 2015, 2016) to cover the region below the tropopause, so the new model treats the…
Space weather in exoplanetary systems, driven by transient stellar emissions such as flares, coronal mass ejections, and stellar proton events, can significantly influence planetary habitability and the long-term evolution of atmospheres.…
Atmospheric Carbon Monoxide (CO) provides a window on the chemistry of the atmosphere since it is one of few chemical constituents that can be remotely sensed, and it can be used to determine budgets of other greenhouse gases such as ozone…
Uranus provides a unique laboratory to test our understanding of planetary atmospheres under extreme conditions. Multi-spectral observations from Voyager, ground-based observatories, and space telescopes have revealed a delicately banded…
Air pollution represents a pivotal environmental challenge globally, playing a major role in climate change via greenhouse gas emissions and negatively affecting the health of billions. However predicting the spatial and temporal patterns…
Photochemical hazes are expected to form and significantly contribute to the chemical and radiative balance of exoplanets with relatively moderate temperatures, possibly in the habitable zone of their host star. In the presence of humidity,…
Almost all remote sensing atmospheric PM2.5 estimation methods need satellite aerosol optical depth (AOD) products, which are often retrieved from top-of-atmosphere (TOA) reflectance via an atmospheric radiative transfer model. Then, is it…
Atmospheric aerosols facilitate reactions between ambient gases and dissolved species. Here, we review our efforts to interrogate the uptake of these gases and the mechanisms of their reactions both theoretically and experimentally. We…
Carbon Dioxide (CO2) is one of the most important greenhouse gases after water vapor (H2O) which plays significant role in the climate process. Accurate space-based measurement of CO2 is of great significance in inferring the location of…