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So-called linear rank statistics provide a means for distribution-free (even in finite samples), yet highly flexible, two-sample testing in the setting of univariate random variables. Their flexibility derives from a choice of weights that…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-10-03 Dan D. Erdmann-Pham

In this paper, we propose a new spectral-based approach to hypothesis testing for populations of networks. The primary goal is to develop a test to determine whether two given samples of networks come from the same random model or…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-11-26 Li Chen , Nathaniel Josephs , Lizhen Lin , Jie Zhou , Eric D. Kolaczyk

Suppose two networks are observed for the same set of nodes, where each network is assumed to be generated from a weighted stochastic block model. This paper considers the problem of testing whether the community memberships of the two…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-12-03 Yezheng Li , Hongzhe Li

Graph-based tests are a class of non-parametric two-sample tests useful for analyzing high-dimensional data. The test statistics are constructed from similarity graphs (such as K-minimum spanning tree), and consequently, their performance…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-06-23 Yichuan Bai , Lynna Chu

In this paper we propose a nonparametric graphical test based on optimal matching, for assessing the equality of multiple unknown multivariate probability distributions. Our procedure pools the data from the different classes to create a…

Testing equality of two multivariate distributions is a classical problem for which many non-parametric tests have been proposed over the years. Most of the popular two-sample tests, which are asymptotically distribution-free, are based…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-04-17 Bhaswar B. Bhattacharya

This paper addresses the multiple two-sample test problem in a graph-structured setting, which is a common scenario in fields such as Spatial Statistics and Neuroscience. Each node $v$ in fixed graph deals with a two-sample testing problem…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-02-09 Alejandro de la Concha , Nicolas Vayatis , Argyris Kalogeratos

In this paper, we consider the problem of testing the equality of two multivariate distributions based on geometric graphs constructed using the interpoint distances between the observations. These include the tests based on the minimum…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-03-03 Bhaswar B. Bhattacharya

In this article, we revisit and expand our prior work on graph similarity. As with our earlier work, we focus on a view of similarity which does not require node correspondence between graphs under comparison. Our work is suited to the…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Pierre Miasnikof , Alexander Y. Shetopaloff

Given samples from two non-negative random variables, we propose a family of tests for the null hypothesis that one random variable stochastically dominates the other at the second order. Test statistics are obtained as functionals of the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-10-16 Tommaso Lando , Sirio Legramanti

Nonparametric detection of existence of an anomalous structure over a network is investigated. Nodes corresponding to the anomalous structure (if one exists) receive samples generated by a distribution q, which is different from a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-10-11 Shaofeng Zou , Yingbin Liang , H. Vincent Poor

Random geometric graphs (RGGs) offer a powerful tool for analyzing the geometric and dependence structures in real-world networks. For example, it has been observed that RGGs are a good model for protein-protein interaction networks. In…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-11-20 Mingao Yuan , Feng Yu

This article inspects whether a multivariate distribution is different from a specified distribution or not, and it also tests the equality of two multivariate distributions. In the course of this study, a graphical tool-kit using…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-08-19 Pratim Guha Niyogi , Subhra Sankar Dhar

This paper reconsiders the problem of testing the equality of two unspecified continuous distributions. The framework, which we propose, allows for readable and insightful data visualisation and helps to understand and quantify how two…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-03-04 Bogdan Ćmiel , Teresa Ledwina

We consider the problem of testing the equality of conditional distributions of a response variable given a vector of covariates between two populations. Such a hypothesis testing problem can be motivated from various machine learning and…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-02-24 Xiaoyu Hu , Jing Lei

Exchangeable random graphs serve as an important probabilistic framework for the statistical analysis of network data. In this work we develop an alternative parameterization for a large class of exchangeable random graphs, where the nodes…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-05-01 Jing Lei

A common method for deriving non-parametric tests is to reformulate a parametric test in terms of sample ranks. Despite being distribution free (even in finite samples), the resulting tests often display remarkable asymptotic power…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-08-10 Dan D. Erdmann-Pham , Jonathan Terhorst , Yun S. Song

The recent success of generative adversarial networks and variational learning suggests training a classifier network may work well in addressing the classical two-sample problem. Network-based tests have the computational advantage that…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-06-01 Xiuyuan Cheng , Alexander Cloninger

Network datasets appear across a wide range of scientific fields, including biology, physics, and the social sciences. To enable data-driven discoveries from these networks, statistical inference techniques like estimation and hypothesis…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-19 Arpan Kumar , Minh Tang , Srijan Sengupta

We consider the two-sample testing problem for networks, where the goal is to determine whether two sets of networks originated from the same stochastic model. Assuming no vertex correspondence and allowing for different numbers of nodes,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-06-11 Chung Kyong Nguen , Oscar Hernan Madrid Padilla , Arash A. Amini