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In this paper, the decades-old clustering method k-means is revisited. The original distortion minimization model of k-means is addressed by a pure stochastic minimization procedure. In each step of the iteration, one sample is tentatively…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-20 Wan-Lei Zhao , Run-Qing Chen , Hui Ye , Chong-Wah Ngo

Clustering is a widely used technique with a long and rich history in a variety of areas. However, most existing algorithms do not scale well to large datasets, or are missing theoretical guarantees of convergence. This paper introduces a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-16 Yijia Zhou , Kyle A. Gallivan , Adrian Barbu

This paper presents CLUSTERFORMER, a universal vision model that is based on the CLUSTERing paradigm with TransFORMER. It comprises two novel designs: 1. recurrent cross-attention clustering, which reformulates the cross-attention mechanism…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-09 James C. Liang , Yiming Cui , Qifan Wang , Tong Geng , Wenguan Wang , Dongfang Liu

Interpretable clustering algorithms aim to group similar data points while explaining the obtained groups to support knowledge discovery and pattern recognition tasks. While most approaches to interpretable clustering construct clusters…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Nakul Upadhya , Eldan Cohen

Despite the success of convolution- and attention-based models in vision tasks, their rigid receptive fields and complex architectures limit their ability to model irregular spatial patterns and hinder interpretability, therefore posing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Xiangshuai Song , Jun-Jie Huang , Tianrui Liu , Ke Liang , Chang Tang

Image decomposition aims to analyze an image into elementary components, which is essential for numerous downstream tasks and also by nature provides certain interpretability to the analysis. Deep learning can be powerful for such tasks,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Sihan Wang , Shangqi Gao , Fuping Wu , Xiahai Zhuang

To what extent are two images picturing the same 3D surfaces? Even when this is a known scene, the answer typically requires an expensive search across scale space, with matching and geometric verification of large sets of local features.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-14 Anita Rau , Guillermo Garcia-Hernando , Danail Stoyanov , Gabriel J. Brostow , Daniyar Turmukhambetov

Reduced k-means clustering is a method for clustering objects in a low-dimensional subspace. The advantage of this method is that both clustering of objects and low-dimensional subspace reflecting the cluster structure are simultaneously…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2014-02-14 Yoshikazu Terada

K-means clustering, a classic and widely-used clustering technique, is known to exhibit suboptimal performance when applied to non-linearly separable data. Numerous adjustments and modifications have been proposed to address this issue,…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-07 Zhili Qiao , Wangqian Ju , Peng Liu

Subspace clustering has been extensively studied from the hypothesis-and-test, algebraic, and spectral clustering based perspectives. Most assume that only a single type/class of subspace is present. Generalizations to multiple types are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-04 Xun Xu , Loong-Fah Cheong , Zhuwen Li

In longitudinal data analysis, observation points of repeated measurements over time often vary among subjects except in well-designed experimental studies. Additionally, measurements for each subject are typically obtained at only a few…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-11-14 Michio Yamamoto , Yoshikazu Terada

K-means is one of the most widely used clustering algorithms in various disciplines, especially for large datasets. However the method is known to be highly sensitive to initial seed selection of cluster centers. K-means++ has been proposed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-04-19 Fouad Khan

We introduce in this paper a new way of optimizing the natural extension of the quantization error using in k-means clustering to dissimilarity data. The proposed method is based on hierarchical clustering analysis combined with multi-level…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2012-05-02 Brieuc Conan-Guez , Fabrice Rossi

We combine K-means clustering with the least-squares kernel classification method. K-means clustering is used to extract a set of representative vectors for each class. The least-squares kernel method uses these representative vectors as a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-25 M. Andrecut

Understanding the morphological structure of medical images and precisely segmenting the region of interest or abnormality is an important task that can assist in diagnosis. However, the unique properties of medical imaging make clear…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Sungmin Kang , Jaeha Song , Jihie Kim

Clustering is an efficient and essential technique for exploring latent knowledge of data. However, limited attention has been given to the interpretability of the clusters detected by most clustering algorithms. In addition, due to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Suhang Gu , Ye Wang , Yongxin Chou , Jinliang Cong , Mingli Lu , Zhuqing Jiao

Model interpretability is a requirement in many applications in which crucial decisions are made by users relying on a model's outputs. The recent movement for "algorithmic fairness" also stipulates explainability, and therefore…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-08-21 Xuan Liu , Xiaoguang Wang , Stan Matwin

We present a deformable prototypical part network (Deformable ProtoPNet), an interpretable image classifier that integrates the power of deep learning and the interpretability of case-based reasoning. This model classifies input images by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Jon Donnelly , Alina Jade Barnett , Chaofan Chen

Clustering is one of the most fundamental tasks in machine learning, and the k-means clustering algorithm is perhaps one of the most widely used clustering algorithms. However, it suffers from several limitations, such as sensitivity to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-10 Syed M. Abdullah , Alisha Baba , Muhammad Siddique , Muhammad Faryad

Unsupervised dictionary learning has been a key component in state-of-the-art computer vision recognition architectures. While highly effective methods exist for patch-based dictionary learning, these methods may learn redundant features…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2013-02-21 Yangqing Jia , Oriol Vinyals , Trevor Darrell