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As Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in customer-facing applications, a critical yet underexplored question is how users communicate differently with LLM chatbots compared to human agent. In this study, we present…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Fulei Zhang , Zhou Yu

We present the first systematic analysis of personality dimensions developed specifically to describe the personality of speech-based conversational agents. Following the psycholexical approach from psychology, we first report on a new…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-03-16 Sarah Theres Völkel , Ramona Schödel , Daniel Buschek , Clemens Stachl , Verena Winterhalter , Markus Bühner , Heinrich Hussmann

Large language models are often ranked according to their level of alignment with human preferences -- a model is better than other models if its outputs are more frequently preferred by humans. One of the popular ways to elicit human…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Ivi Chatzi , Eleni Straitouri , Suhas Thejaswi , Manuel Gomez Rodriguez

To communicate with new partners in new contexts, humans rapidly form new linguistic conventions. Recent neural language models are able to comprehend and produce the existing conventions present in their training data, but are not able to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-14 Robert D. Hawkins , Minae Kwon , Dorsa Sadigh , Noah D. Goodman

Conversation agents, commonly referred to as chatbots, are increasingly deployed in many domains to allow people to have a natural interaction while trying to solve a specific problem. Given their widespread use, it is important to provide…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Biplav Srivastava , Francesca Rossi , Sheema Usmani , and Mariana Bernagozzi

Lexical alignment, where speakers start to use similar words across conversation, is known to contribute to successful communication. However, its implementation in conversational agents remains underexplored, particularly considering the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Keara Schaaij , Roel Boumans , Tibor Bosse , Iris Hendrickx

Psycholinguistic normatives represent various affective and mental constructs using numeric scores and are used in a variety of applications in natural language processing. They are commonly used at the sentence level, the scores of which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-21 Anil Ramakrishna , Shrikanth Narayanan

The quality of daily spontaneous conversations is of importance towards both our well-being as well as the development of interactive social agents. Prior research directly studying the quality of social conversations has operationalized it…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-07-14 Chirag Raman , Navin Raj Prabhu , Hayley Hung

As large language models (LLMs) become more common in educational tools and programming environments, questions arise about how these systems should interact with users. This study investigates how different interaction styles with…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Kai Deng

We introduce a dynamic benchmarking system for conversational agents that evaluates their performance through a single, simulated, and lengthy user$\leftrightarrow$agent interaction. The interaction is a conversation between the user and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-14 David Castillo-Bolado , Joseph Davidson , Finlay Gray , Marek Rosa

Over the past century, personality theory and research has successfully identified core sets of characteristics that consistently describe and explain fundamental differences in the way people think, feel and behave. Such characteristics…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-03-06 Vivek Kulkarni , Margaret L. Kern , David Stillwell , Michal Kosinski , Sandra Matz , Lyle Ungar , Steven Skiena , H. Andrew Schwartz

Conversational tones -- the manners and attitudes in which speakers communicate -- are essential to effective communication. Amidst the increasing popularization of Large Language Models (LLMs) over recent years, it becomes necessary to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Dun-Ming Huang , Pol Van Rijn , Ilia Sucholutsky , Raja Marjieh , Nori Jacoby

The past few years has witnessed the great success of recommender systems, which can significantly help users find relevant and interesting items for them in the information era. However, a vast class of researches in this area mainly focus…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2012-04-10 Xiao Hu , Chuibo Chen , Xiaolong Chen , Zi-Ke Zhang

With a major focus on its history, difficulties, and promise, this research paper provides a thorough analysis of the chatbot technology environment as it exists today. It provides a very flexible chatbot system that makes use of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Shivom Aggarwal , Shourya Mehra , Pritha Mitra

LLM-based agents can complete tasks correctly yet still frustrate users through poor interaction patterns, such as excessive confirmations, opaque reasoning, or misaligned pacing. Current benchmarks evaluate task accuracy but overlook how…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Jialin Li , Zhenhao Chen , Hanjun Luo , Hanan Salam

Traditional recommender systems encounter several challenges such as data sparsity and unexplained recommendation. To address these challenges, many works propose to exploit semantic information from review data. However, these methods have…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-10-16 Jiahui Wen , Jingwei Ma , Hongkui Tu , Wei Yin , Jian Fang

Maintaining a consistent attribute profile is crucial for dialogue agents to naturally converse with humans. Existing studies on improving attribute consistency mainly explored how to incorporate attribute information in the responses, but…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-18 Haoyu Song , Yan Wang , Wei-Nan Zhang , Zhengyu Zhao , Ting Liu , Xiaojiang Liu

Linguistic entrainment is a phenomenon where people tend to mimic each other in conversation. The core instrument to quantify entrainment is a linguistic similarity measure between conversational partners. Most of the current similarity…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Mingzhi Yu , Diane Litman , Shuang Ma , Jian Wu

A personalized LLM should remember user facts, apply them correctly, and adapt over time to provide responses that the user prefers. Existing LLM personalization benchmarks are largely centered on two axes: accurately recalling user…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Md Awsafur Rahman , Adam Gabrys , Doug Kang , Jingjing Sun , Tian Tan , Ashwin Chandramouli

Improving user experience of a dialogue system often requires intensive developer effort to read conversation logs, run statistical analyses, and intuit the relative importance of system shortcomings. This paper presents a novel approach to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-02 James D. Finch , Sarah E. Finch , Jinho D. Choi
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