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Primordial black holes (PBHs) can form from gravitational collapse of large overdensities in the early Universe, giving rise to rich phenomena in astrophysics and cosmology. We develop a novel, general, and systematic method based on theory…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-09 Shi Pi , Misao Sasaki , Volodymyr Takhistov , Jianing Wang

Primordial black holes (PBHs) offer a compelling candidate for dark matter. The production of PBHs through well-tested and accepted physical processes is highly worthy of investigation. This work highlights the role of turbulences in the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-09-18 Jia-xiang Liang , Peng Xu , Ming-hui Du , Zi-ren Luo

We study primordial black hole (PBH) formation in a minimally coupled $f(T)$ teleparallel cosmology that generates a transient departure from standard radiation domination. The model is constructed so that modified-gravity effects are…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-27 Gerasimos Kouniatalis , Theodoros Papanikolaou , Spyros Basilakos , Emmanuel N. Saridakis

In this paper, we consider the hypothesis that fractions of dark matter could be constituted by primordial black holes (PBHs). To test this possibility, we work out the observational properties of a static black hole embedded in the dark…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-03-08 Rocco D'Agostino , Roberto Giambò , Orlando Luongo

There is growing observational evidence for a population of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in galactic bulges. We examine in detail the conditions under which these black holes must have originated from primordial black holes (PBHs). We…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Rachel Bean , Joao Magueijo

We have studied the generation of magnetic fields by the Biermann mechanism in the pair-instability supernovae explosions of the first stars. The Biermann mechanism produces magnetic fields in the shocked region between the bubble and…

The Biermann battery is a promising generation mechanism of a seed magnetic field in the universe. We propose a new driving mechanism for the Biermann battery in an inhomogeneous plasma with a beam component. An inhomogeneous electron flow…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-04-21 Yutaka Ohira

It has long been suggested that a fraction of the dark matter in the Universe could exist in the form of primordial black holes (PBHs) that have existed since the radiation dominated era. Recent studies have suggested that these PBHs may be…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-09-03 Lewis R. Prole , John A. Regan , Daxal Mehta , Peter Coles , Pratika Dayal

Massive Primordial Black Holes (MPBH) can be formed after inflation due to broad peaks in the primordial curvature power spectrum that collapse gravitationally during the radiation era, to form clusters of black holes that merge and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-06-28 Juan García-Bellido

We study the primordial black hole (PBH) formation from Q-balls that are non-topological solitons in scalar field theories. We develop a formula for calculating the density perturbations from the Q-ball charge distribution. We also…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-11-24 Shinta Kasuya , Masahiro Kawasaki , Alexander Kusenko , Shunsuke Neda

The phenomenology of primordial black hole (PBH) physics and the associated PBH abundance constraints, can be used in order to probe the physics of the early Universe. In this work, we investigate the PBH formation during the standard…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-12-21 Shreya Banerjee , Theodoros Papanikolaou , Emmanuel N. Saridakis

Recent studies show that light seeds of black holes, which grow into massive black holes (MBHs) over time, often struggle to remain at the centers of their birthplaces in high-redshift galaxies, limiting their ability to accrete gas and…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-11-26 David Izquierdo-Villalba , Daniele Spinoso , Marta Volonteri , Monica Colpi , Alberto Sesana , Silvia Bonoli

We study the possibility that particle production during inflation can source the required power spectrum for dark matter (DM) primordial black holes (PBH) formation. We consider the scalar and the gauge quanta production in inflation…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-04-19 Encieh Erfani

Primordial black holes (PBHs) generated by gravitational collapse of large primordial overdensities can be a fraction of the observed dark matter. In this paper, we introduce a mechanism to produce a large peak in the primordial power…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-08-11 Matteo Braglia , Dhiraj Kumar Hazra , Fabio Finelli , George F. Smoot , L. Sriramkumar , Alexei A. Starobinsky

Primordial black holes (PBHs) are dark matter candidates that span broad mass ranges from $10^{-17}$ $M_\odot$ to $\sim 100$ $M_\odot$. We show that the stochastic gravitational wave background can be a powerful window for the detection of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-01-05 Suvodip Mukherjee , Matthew S. P. Meinema , Joseph Silk

A possible explanation for the origin of the magnetic fields observed today in matter structures is that they were generated in the primordial universe. After briefly revising the model of a primordial stochastic magnetic field and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-03-19 Chiara Caprini

Magnetic fields can be generated in plasmas by the Biermann battery when the electric field produced by the electron pressure gradient has a curl. The commonly employed magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) model of the Biermann battery breaks down…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2021-03-17 C. P. Ridgers , C. Arran , J. J. Bissell , R. J. Kingham

Rotating black holes (BHs) can efficiently transfer energy to the surrounding environment via superradiance. In particular, when the Compton length of a particle is comparable to the gravitational radius of a BH, the particle's occupation…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-08-31 Nicolás Bernal , Yuber F. Perez-Gonzalez , Yong Xu

We investigate the viability of primordial black hole (PBH) formation in the Standard Model (SM) in a scenario that does not rely on specific inflationary features or any exotic physics such as phase transitions or non-minimal coupling to…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-06-04 Ioanna Stamou , Sebastien Clesse

The possibility that primordial black holes (PBHs) form a part of dark matter has been considered over a wide mass range from the Planck mass ($10^{-5}~\rm g$) to the level of the supermassive black hole in the center of the galaxy.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-04-13 Huan Zhou , Yujie Lian , Zhengxiang Li , Shuo Cao , Zhiqi Huang