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In this paper, we propose a novel predictive safety filter that is robust to bounded perturbations and is implemented in an even-triggered fashion to reduce online computation. The proposed safety filter extends upon existing work to reject…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-29 Wenceslao Shaw Cortez , Jan Drgona , Draguna Vrabie , Mahantesh Halappanavar

Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) have recently emerged as a significant security challenge for a cyber-physical system due to their stealthy, dynamic and adaptive nature. Proactive dynamic defenses provide a strategic and holistic…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-11-11 Linan Huang , Quanyan Zhu

A longstanding goal in safe reinforcement learning (RL) is a method to ensure the safety of a policy throughout the entire process, from learning to operation. However, existing safe RL paradigms inherently struggle to achieve this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Akifumi Wachi , Kohei Miyaguchi , Takumi Tanabe , Rei Sato , Youhei Akimoto

Designing a stabilizing controller for nonlinear systems is a challenging task, especially for high-dimensional problems with unknown dynamics. Traditional reinforcement learning algorithms applied to stabilization tasks tend to drive the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-16 Thanin Quartz , Ruikun Zhou , Hans De Sterck , Jun Liu

Reinforcement learning is a general methodology of adaptive optimal control that has attracted much attention in various fields ranging from video game industry to robot manipulators. Despite its remarkable performance demonstrations, plain…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2022-06-14 Pavel Osinenko , Grigory Yaremenko , Ilya Osokin

With the increasing diversity of Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS) attacks, it is becoming extremely challenging to design a fully protected network. For instance, Stealthy Link Flooding Attack (SLFA) is a variant of DDoS attacks that…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2019-12-24 Abdullah Aydeger , Mohammad Hossein Manshaei , Mohammad Ashiqur Rahman , Kemal Akkaya

We study the problem of Offline Safe Reinforcement Learning (OSRL), where the goal is to learn a reward-maximizing policy from fixed data under a cumulative cost constraint. We propose a novel OSRL approach that frames the problem as a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Yassine Chemingui , Aryan Deshwal , Alan Fern , Thanh Nguyen-Tang , Janardhan Rao Doppa

In sequential decision-making problems, Return-Conditioned Supervised Learning (RCSL) has gained increasing recognition for its simplicity and stability in modern decision-making tasks. Unlike traditional offline reinforcement learning (RL)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Zhishuai Liu , Yu Yang , Ruhan Wang , Pan Xu , Dongruo Zhou

A system with sporadic errors (SSE) is a controller which produces high quality output but it may occasionally violate a critical requirement REQ(I,O). A run-time enforcement shield is a controller which takes (I,O) (coming from SSE) as its…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-09-19 Paritosh K. Pandya , Amol Wakankar

In this paper, we establish a zero-sum, hybrid state stochastic game model for designing defense policies for cyber-physical systems against different types of attacks. With the increasingly integrated properties of cyber-physical systems…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2017-10-03 Fei Miao , Quanyan Zhu , Miroslav Pajic , George J. Pappas

Shielding is a popular technique for achieving safe reinforcement learning (RL). However, classical shielding approaches come with quite restrictive assumptions making them difficult to deploy in complex environments, particularly those…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-02 Alexander W. Goodall , Francesco Belardinelli

This paper addresses the security allocation problem in a networked control system under stealthy injection attacks. The networked system is comprised of interconnected subsystems which are represented by nodes in a digraph. An adversary…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-03 Anh Tung Nguyen , Sribalaji C. Anand , André M. H. Teixeira

Reinforcement learning (RL) has been demonstrated suitable to develop agents that play complex games with human-level performance. However, it is not understood how to effectively use RL to perform cybersecurity tasks. To develop such…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-16 Andres Molina-Markham , Cory Miniter , Becky Powell , Ahmad Ridley

Online matching problems arise in many complex systems, from cloud services and online marketplaces to organ exchange networks, where timely, principled decisions are critical for maintaining high system performance. Traditional heuristics…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-09 Chiara Mignacco , Matthieu Jonckheere , Gilles Stoltz

Reinforcement learning (RL) is a powerful framework for optimal decision-making and control but often lacks provable guarantees for safety-critical applications. In this paper, we introduce a novel recovery-based shielding framework that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Alexander W. Goodall , Francesco Belardinelli

Recent rapid developments in reinforcement learning algorithms have been giving us novel possibilities in many fields. However, due to their exploring property, we have to take the risk into consideration when we apply those algorithms to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-21 Yoshihiro Okawa , Tomotake Sasaki , Hitoshi Yanami , Toru Namerikawa

Offline safe reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a promising approach for learning safe behaviors without engaging in risky online interactions with the environment. Most existing methods in offline safe RL rely on cost constraints…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Ze Gong , Akshat Kumar , Pradeep Varakantham

Flow scheduling tends to be one of the oldest and most stubborn problems in networking. It becomes more crucial in the next generation network, due to fast changing link states and tremendous cost to explore the global structure. In such…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2012-12-18 Yaoqing Yang , Keqin Liu , Qing Zhao

Robots deployed in real-world environments should operate safely in a robust manner. In scenarios where an "ego" agent navigates in an environment with multiple other "non-ego" agents, two modes of safety are commonly proposed --…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-04-01 Chih-Yuan Chiu , David Fridovich-Keil , Claire J. Tomlin

This paper considers the problem of security allocation in a networked control system under stealthy attacks. The system is comprised of interconnected subsystems represented by vertices. A malicious adversary selects a single vertex on…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-03 Anh Tung Nguyen , André M. H. Teixeira , Alexander Medvedev